UMarmot » Civil rights

Roxbury Action Program

rscox — Mon, 21 Jan 2013 19:24:28 +0000

The Roxbury Action Program and Black Panther Party of Boston were both founded in the Roxbury section of Boston following the riots of 1968. RAP pursued community revitalization through Black self-determination and enjoyed success in its housing initiatives and in providing social services ranging from support for Black businesses to Black draft counseling, health and legal referrals, a Black library, and community awareness program.

Although the exact provenance of this small collection is uncertain, the materials appear to have been collected by an individual, possibly a woman, associated with the early days of the Roxbury Action Program and Boston branch of the Black Panther Party. Steeped in Black Power ideology, the collection includes publications of the Black Panther Party, the Nation of Islam, and other organizations, as well as an insightful series of transcripts of Roxbury Action Program meetings held during its first few months of operation.

Background on Roxbury Action Program

The social and political tumult experienced in Boston during the early 1960s came to a head in 1968 when Roxbury erupted in riots for the second time in a year following the assassination of Martin Luther King. Galvanized by the effects of segregation in housing and schooling, racism, inequality, and poverty, members of the local community began to pursue a radical agenda of community defense and revitalization, fueled by the Black Power movement.

Two organizations stood out in leading the way: the Roxbury Action Program and the Boston branch of the Black Panther Party. For several years, the American Friends Service Committee had operated a program in Roxbury to address housing needs and tenants’ rights, but responding to the post-riot demands of the Black community for local leadership and control, the AFSC spun off this program in November 1968 to create the Roxbury Community Committee, which was incorporated as an independent organization, the Roxbury Community Program (RAP), on Dec. 28, 1968. Though fully independent, RAP received a significant boost from the New England branch of the AFSC, which raised $92,000 to fund the first two years of its activities in revitalizing the Highland Park neighborhood.

Under its founders George J. Morrison and Lloyd King, RAP focused on the housing and educational needs of the Highland Park community, seeking to revitalize the neighborhood by promoting economic self-development and “helping the people themselves to understand the political significance of their plight.” Central to their philosophy was the idea of Black self-determination, consciousness raising, and community control, by which they would build “the authority and skills” within the community “to immediately proceed in the solution of its own problems and in the determination of its own goals.” RAP assisted in securing land control and stabilizing and renovating structures, and they provided social services ranging from support for Black businesses to Black draft counseling, health and legal referrals, a Black library, and community awareness programs. They were instrumental, as well, in securing a new community college for the area (Roxbury Community College).

Contemporaneous with the organization of RAP, Delano Farrar and other radicals formed the Boston branch of the Black Panther Party at 375 Blue Hill Ave., Roxbury, which shared the same broad agenda as RAP. Building on the ten point plan of the national Party, the Panthers organized successfully within the community for housing, health care, political education, and employment, though within a year, the revolutionary, a Marxist-Leninist faction displaced the chapter’s early leaders and pursued an agenda dedicated more specifically to class struggle.

Contents of Collection

In keeping with the philosophy of RAP and the Black Panthers, the collection also includes materials on Black history and culture and materials relating to the Black community in Boston, most notably a notice of the imposition of a “general state of emergency” in 1968. Several works specifically address the Black woman’s role in the revolution.

Inventory of Collection

Adefunmi, Oserjeman, An African marriage. Harlem, N.Y. : Yoruba Temple	ca.1969		Box 1: 1
African American history and culture quiz	1944		Box 1: 2
African Nationalist Union, The Blackman, vol. 4:1 (photocopy)	1972 Aug.		Box 1: 3
American Oil Co., American traveler’s guide to Negro history, 3d ed. Chicago, Ill.: American Oil Co.	1967		Box 1: 4
Art Ad Corporation (letter of solicitation)	ca.1970		Box 1: 5
Black Community of Boston, General State of Emergency	1968		Box 1: 6
Black Panther, vol. 2:25	1969 Mar. 9		Box 1: 7
Black Panther, vol. 2:26	1969 Mar. 16		Box 1: 8
Black Panther, vol. 2:27	1969 Mar. 23		Box 1: 9
Black Panther, vol. 2:27	1969 Mar. 31	2 copies	Box 1: 10
Black Panther, vol. 2:30	1969 Apr. 20		Box 1: 11
Black Panther, vol. 3:2	1969 May 4		Box 1: 12
Black Panther, vol. 3:4	1969 May 19	2 copies	Box 1: 13
Black Panther, vol. 3:5	1969 May 25		Box 1: 14
Black Panther Party, Black Panther Community News Service (Roxbury, Mass.), vol. 1:2, 3 (two variant copies)	1969		Box 1: 15
Black Panther Party, Precautions for tear gas and mace	ca.1969		Box 1: 16
Black Panther Party, Questionaire for Black Panther Party	ca.1969		Box 1: 17
Black Panther Party, Ten Point Program of the Black Panther Party	1966		Box 1: 18
Black Panther Party of Boston, Black Panther Party of Boston presents 2 movies “Off the pig” and “Huey”	1969 Feb. 16		Box 1: 19
Black Students of Boston College, Black Students of Boston College and the Congress of African People present Immamu Baraka (broadside)	1973 Mar. 9		Box 1: 20
Black Students Union, Legal first aid for students	ca.1969		Box 1: 21
The Black woman in the home-family	ca.1974		Box 1: 22
Black Workers Congress, From protest to resistance: the case of Black draft resisters in New Orleans	1971		Box 1: 23
Blackness Unlimited: Circular letter offering products, including sample of decal, “Symbol of Black dignity”	1969		Box 1: 24
Browne, Robert S., “The case for Black separatism”	ca.1970		Box 1: 25
Can you relate to this? If not, call 445-9711 for draft counseling (broadside)	ca.1970		Box 1: 26
Chandler, Dana, Dana Chandler (Akin Duro) Artist in Residence, Northeastern University (signed by the artist)	1976		Box 1: 27
Code words (used in community defence)?	ca.1969		Box 1: 28
CORE booklists (list of publications)	ca.1969		Box 1: 29
Cox, Donald Lee (Field Marshall D.C.), What is ultra democracy?	ca.1969		Box 1: 30
Douglas, Emory, Revolutionary student posters (man and woman with gun)	ca.1970	2 posters	Box 1: 31
Federation of Southern Cooperatives, Cooperatives: Power for poor people. Atlanta, Ga. : Federation of Southern Co-ops	ca.1970		Box 1: 32
Golden Legacy Illustrated History Magazine, vol. 1 : Toussaint L’Ouverture	1966		Box 1: 33
Golden Legacy Illustrated History Magazine, vol. 2 : The saga of Harriet Tubman, “The Moses of her people”	1967		Box 1: 34
Golden Legacy Illustrated History Magazine, vol. 3: Crispus Attucks and the minuteman	1968		Box 1: 35
Golden Legacy Illustrated History Magazine, vol. 4 : The life of Benjamin Banneker	1968		Box 1: 36
Hamilton, Ernest, Black Power: what is it? S.l. : Scoham Publication	1966 July		Box 1: 37
Hammer: the Voice of United Community Construction Workers, vol. 1:6 (photocopy)	1973 June		Box 1: 38
Ifco News, vol. 5: 1	1974		Box 1: 39
Johnson, Edwina Chavers, Calendar of Afro-American contributions to America	1963		Box 1: 40
Khadijah, Sister, The Republic of New Africa	1969		Box 1: 41
Kilson, Martin et al., Black studies: myths and realities. New York : A. Philip Randolph Education Fund	1969 Sept.		Box 1: 42
Leader, vol. 2:24, 28, 32	1969		Box 1: 43
Lee-Smith, Hughie, To my Black sisters (A Freedomways greeting card). New York : Freedomways Magazine	1971 Freb.		Box 1: 44
Minstrels, Gr’ezi wohl, Frau Stirnimaa! (45 rpm recording). EMI	1969		Box 1: 45
Morey, James L. and Mel Epstein, Housing development: A tool for community economic development in low-income areas. Cambridge, Mass. : Center for Community Economic Development	1971 Oct.		Box 1: 46
Movement, vol. 5:3, 4	1969 Apr.-May		Box 1: 47
Muhammad Speaks, vol. 8:29	1969 Apr. 4		Box 2: 1
Muhammad Speaks, vol. 12:20	1973 Jan. 26		Box 2: 2
Muhammad Speaks, vol. 13:3	1974 Apr. 12		Box 2: 3
Muhammad Speaks, vol. 14:42	1975 June 27		Box 2: 4
Muhammad, Elijah, Progress	ca.1969		Box 2: 5
Mumininas of Committee for Unified Newark, Mwanamke mwananchi (the nationalist woman). NewArk, N.J. : Mumininas of CFUN	1971		Box 2: 6
Myers, Robin, Black craftsmen through history. New York : Institute of the Joint Apprenticeship Program	1970		Box 2: 7
The NAACP life membership story (offprint). Ebony Magazine	1967 Mar.		Box 2: 8
National Commission for Resources on Youth, You’re the tutor. New York : National Commission on Resources for Youth	1970		Box 2: 9
New African, vol. 2:1	1969 Apr. 20		Box 2: 10
New Urban League of Greater Boston, Community Survival Fund	1970		Box 2: 11
New Urban League of Greater Boston, Survival Magazine, vol. 1:3	1970 Feb.		Box 2: 12
The Onyx (fragment)	1973 Apr. 16		Box 2: 13
Path Finder Press catalog and flier	1973		Box 2: 14
Payton, Gloria, Is political freedom dead at Brandeis?	1969		Box 2: 15
People have a right: The report of the First National Conference on Rural Housing. Washington, D.C. : National Conference on Rural Housing	1969		Box 2: 16
Photograph: African American man laying wreath at statue of the Minuteman, Concord, Mass.	ca.1970		Box 2: 17
Plainfield Joint Defense Committee, Special Independence Day Issue	1971 July		Box 2: 18
Potemkin Collective, Radicals words (or) you can’t tell the revolution without a dictionary. Newport, R.I. : Potemkin Collective	1970		Box 2: 19
Potemkin Military Legal Aid Project, Little red book of military law. Newport, R.I. : Potemkin Collective	1972		Box 2: 20
Real Paper, vol. 2:36	1973 Sept. 5		Box 2: 21
Rogers, J. A., 100 amazing facts about the Negro, with complete proof, 23d ed. New York : Helga M. Rogers	1957		Box 2: 22
Rollins, Bryant, Poetry for my friends. Harlem, N.Y. : s.n.	1973		Box 2: 23
Roxbury Action Program (statement of purpose and objectives)	ca.1969		Box 2: 24
Roxbury Action Program, Buzz Session 1 (manuscript)	1969 Mar. 20		Box 2: 25
Roxbury Action Program, Buzz Session con’t #1 (typescript)	1969 Mar. 20		Box 2: 26
Roxbury Action Program, Buzz Session II (manuscript)	ca.1969		Box 2: 27
Roxbury Action Program, Buzz Session? (manuscript)	1969 Apr. 3		Box 2: 28
Roxbury Action Program, Buzz Session? (manuscript)	ca.1969		Box 2: 29
Roxbury Action Program, Finch, Arthur (typescript)	1969 Mar. 24		Box 2: 30
Roxbury Action Program, Group discussion (typescript)	ca.1969		Box 2: 31
Roxbury Action Program, Orientation, George Morrison (manuscript)	1969 Mar. 10		Box 2: 32
Roxbury Action Program, Orientation, George Morrison (typescript)	1969 Mar. 10		Box 2: 33
Roxbury Action Program, Section reading list	ca.1969		Box 2: 34
Roxbury Action Program, Session on roles and tools: Ed McClure (typescript)	1969 Mar. 27		Box 2: 35
Roxbury Action Program, Stationery	ca.1969		Box 2: 36
Roxbury Poor People’s Movement, An appeal for public support by the Roxbury Poor People’s Movement	ca.1969		Box 2: 37
Rustin, Bayard, Three essays by Bayard Rustin. New York : A. Philip Randolph Education Fund	1969 Sept.		Box 2: 38
Service Remembering and Resurrecting (memorial service for Martin Luther King, Franklin Park, Mass.)	1969 Apr. 04		Box 2: 39
Sisters of BCD, Black woman’s role in the revolution. Newark, N.J. : Jihad Productions	1969		Box 2: 40
South Vietnam in Struggle, no. 24	1968 Dec. 20		Box 2: 41
Southern Conference Educational Fund, Protest the jailing of Walter Collins and the situation of black draft resisters	1971		Box 2: 42
Southern Education Program, Teach a Brother! (broadside)	1969		Box 2: 43
Straight from the Horse’s Mouth (magazine), vol. 2:1	1970		Box 2: 44
Tenants’ rights. Boston, Mass.? : s.n.	ca.1970		Box 2: 45
We will be closed Friday Feb. 21, 1969. Malcolm X (broadside)	1969		Box 2: 46
Welty, Joel, Meeting people’s housing needs (offprint). Ottawa, ON : Canadian Cooperative Digest	1969		Box 2: 47
Workers Monthly: Organ of the Independent Trade Union Action Council, vol. 2: 2 (photocopy)	1972 Dec.		Box 2: 48
Yazid: How to oppress people in 13 easy lessons	ca.1969		Box 2: 49

Provenance

Gift of Ken Gloss, January 2013.

Processing Information

Processed by I. Eliot Wentworth, January 2013.

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Cite as: Roxbury Action Program Collection (MS 765). Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries.

Interfaith Pilgrimage of the Middle Passage

rscox — Fri, 23 Nov 2012 19:51:49 +0000

Organized at the New England Peace Pagoda in Leverett, Mass., the Interfaith Pilgrimage of the Middle Passage was a twelve-month walk through the eastern United States, the Caribbean, Brazil, West Africa, and South Africa in 1998-1999, reversing the direction of the Middle Passage symbolically and geographically. A “living prayer of the heart, mind, and body for the sons and daughters of the African Diaspora,” the Pilgrimage was intended by the participants to contribute to a process of healing the wounds inflicted by hundreds of years of slavery and racial oppression. Along the way, participants visited sites associated with the history of slavery, from slaves quarters in Virginia to stations on the Underground Railroad and villages that had been raided in Africa, offering prayers for those who had suffered under slavery and commemorating the dignity of those held in bondage and those who resisted.

Chronicling the course of the Interfaith Pilgrimage of the Middle Passage from conception to conclusion, this collection contains a rich textual and visual record of a spiritual approach to addressing the legacy of slavery in the Americas. The collection includes the range of materials collected by participants during the Pilgrimage, including lists of reading materials, information on the sites visited, a handful of mementoes and souvenirs, some correspondence, and notes and photographs taken along the way.

Foster, Nancy E.

rscox — Fri, 23 Nov 2012 19:13:52 +0000

For the better part of four decades, Nancy E. Foster was active in the struggle for social justice, peace, and political reform. From early work in civil rights through her engagement in political reform in Amherst, Mass., Foster was recognized for her work in the movements opposing war, nuclear power, and the assault on civil liberties after the September 11 terrorist attacks. Locally, she worked with her fellow members of the Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst and with interfaith coalitions to address problems of hunger and homelessness.

Centered in western Massachusetts and concentrated in the last decade of her life (2000-2010), the Nancy Foster Papers includes a record of one woman’s grassroots activism for peace, civil liberties, and social justice. The issues reflected in the collection range from the assault on civil liberties after the 9/11 terrorist attacks to immigration, hunger and poverty, the Iraq Wars, and the conflict in Central America during the 1980s, and much of the material documents Nancy’s involvement with local organizations such as the Social Justice Committee of the Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst. The collection also contains a valuable record of Nancy’s participation in local politics in Amherst, beginning with the records of the 1972 committee which was charged with reviewing the Town Meeting.

Background on Nancy Foster

A committed advocate for peace and social justice, Nancy Foster spent decades working through, and sometimes against, the political system to effect positive social change. Born in Duluth, Minn., on Dec. 24, 1928, Nancy Elizabeth (Abbott) Foster was raised in the small town of Warwick, New York. The middle of three daughters born to Frank and Lorena Abbott, her political views were shaped by the hardships of the Great Depression, Pearl Harbor, and the Second World War, and by her father’s faith that it was possible for government to help ordinary people.

A superior student, Nancy was keenly attuned to current events from an early age, writing her senior thesis in high school on the atomic bomb and delivering a valedictory address in 1946 where she called for keeping atomic energy under the control of the Nuclear Regulatory Agency. One year after graduating from Swarthmore with a degree in economics and political science (1950), Nancy married her college classmate, John Foster, and moved to Cambridge, Mass. While John pursued graduate study in biochemistry at Harvard, followed by a postdoctoral position at MIT, Nancy was employed in local social agencies, studied in the School of Social Work at Boston University, and gave birth to the first of the couple’s two children. When their lives were uprooted after John was ordered to Japan to fulfill his military service, Nancy remained busy. While overseas, she carried out the research for her master’s degree in social work, collecting material on marriages between U.S. servicemen and Japanese women, and she gave birth to the couple’s second child.

The Fosters returned to Massachusetts in 1958, settling in Needham. It was there that Nancy’s activism quickened. Energized by local protests against housing discrimination, Nancy volunteered for the Needham Fair Housing Committee, just the second such organization in the Commonwealth, and she was appointed secretary after attending only her first meeting. Just as significantly for the future course of the Fosters’ activism, Nancy and John found themselves deeply impressed by the commitment to social justice exemplified by the Unitarian minister at the First Parish in Needham, sparking what would become a lifelong religious affiliation.

From Needham, John went on to work for two and half years with the National Science Foundation in Washington, D.C., and characteristically, Nancy became active in the local community. Working as a counselor in a clinic for pregnant teenagers, Nancy was witness to some of the early civil rights riots in the city and during Martin Luther King’s March on Washington, she worked a tent on the Mall dispensing “soul help.” By the time the Fosters returned to Massachusetts in 1969, settling in Amherst, Nancy’s involvements seemed only to increase. As a member of the League of Women Voters, she helped to organize a study of the executive branch of town government, leading her in turn into a stint on Town Meeting that eventually extended fourteen years. When the nuclear freeze movement took hold in the Pioneer Valley in the early 1980s, she took up the challenge of organizing against nuclear escalation; in particular, leading local resistance to Reagan-era plans for the mass relocation of urban residents to small towns in the event of nuclear war. Her efforts to raise the issues before the Amherst Select Board and local citizenry resulted in the Board voting against town participation in the project, and her methods for raising awareness served as a model for other towns across the country.

Her highest profile work during this period centered on opposition to the Ground Wave Emergency Network (GWEN), which was intended to serve as a military communications system in the aftermath of a nuclear war. When Nancy learned that the Air Force was planning to build a GWEN communications tower in Amherst in 1985, she invited the colonel in charge of the program to address the town and explain the reasons for the project. Despite the skepticism of the Select Board, Nancy raised the issue in Town Meeting and publicly presented the counterpoint to the colonel’s presentation. Working closely with her colleague Lois Barber, and with the support of local Republican representative Silvio Conte, Nancy saw opposition to the GWEN system spread widely in New England and the mid-Atlantic states, eventually leading Congress to force the Air Force to suspend the program until a thorough study of the impact of electromagnetic radiation on the public was completed.

In later years, Nancy continued to press for social justice locally and regionally, working closely with the Bill of Rights Defense Committee and the American Civil Liberties Union, and with local activist organizations such as SAGE and the Social Justice Committee of the Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst. Her antiwar work accompanied work on a host of related issues ranging from hunger and economic inequality to opposing the Patriot Act and the erosion of civil liberties in the years following the September 11 terrorist attack on the World Trade Center. A regular presence at the Amherst July 4th parades, she was noted for carrying placards promoting civil liberties, earning a senior activist award from the Amherst Human Rights Commission. In addition to her social and political activism, Nancy was a beloved family member and the center of a large circle of friends. She died in Amherst on June 24, 2010, and was survived by her John and children.

Contents of Collection

Inventory of Collection

Amherst, Mass. Select Board	2007	Box 4
Amherst, Mass. Select Board: letter on torture	2005	Box 4
Amherst, Mass. Select Board: Resolution to Restore the Rule of Law	2005-2006	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Civil liberties	2002	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Civil liberties	2003-2005	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Civil liberties	2004-2005	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Human Rights Commission	2002-2003	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Human Rights Commission	2008	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Jones Library rules	2005	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Jones Library Trustees (Patriot Act)	2003	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Jones Library: Patriot Act	2002-2003	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2007-2008	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2002	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2003	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2004	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2005	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2006	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2008	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade	2009	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade.: posters	2003	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade: chronology	2005	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: July 4 parade: op ed	2008	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: League of Women Voters	2008	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: questions for Town Manager	2005-2006	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Rules and orders regulating the use of the Town Common and/or paved areas	2006	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Town Meeting Study Committee	1972-1974	Box 5
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings	1972	Box 5
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings	2008 Fall	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings	2008 Spring	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings	2009	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings (newsclippings)	1972	Box 5
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings comprehensive planning	2002-2006	Box 4
Amherst, Mass.: Town meetings Handbook	2007	Box 4
Civil Liberties Restoration Act	2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: 9/11 Commission bills	2003-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Academic Freedom HR 3077	2003-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: ACLU	2009	Box 5
Civil liberties: ACLU Conference: Lobbying congress	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: ACLU: Conference	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: ACLU: Fund appeals	2002-2005	Box 1
Civil liberties: ACLU: internet articles	2002-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Amherst, Mass.	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: calling torturers to account	2009	Box 5
Civil liberties: CLEAR act	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: Bill of Rights Defense Committee	2002-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: civil liberties	2002-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: civil liberties miscellaneous	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: clippings	2003-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: Magna carta	Undated	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: Massachusetts ACLU	2002-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: meeting with John Olver	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: Patriot Act, citizens’ rights	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Clippings and basic documents: petitions to Congress	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: concerns for Barack Obama	2009	Box 5
Civil liberties: Congressional correspondence	2001-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Declaration of Independence, Constitution, Bill of Rights, etc.	Undated	Box 1
Civil liberties: Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act: amending FISA	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: clergy participation	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: consults DOVER/SAGE	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: co-sponsors	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: flyer, handouts, program	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: literature for forum	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: literature for forum	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: Magda Ahmad’s folder with questions turned in	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: money	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: notes, correspondence	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: panelists	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: panelists	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: possibilities for panel	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: public schools in Amherst	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: publicity	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Civil Liberties: videotaping	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on film	2004-2006	Box 1
Civil liberties: Forum on Film: Unconstitutional	2005	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: ACLU Conference	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: ACLU Conference notes	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: changing standards for asylum	2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: civil liberties handouts	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: Federal, state, and local cooperation with the Immigration and Naturalization Service	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: N-Seers	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: Patriot Act	2001-2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: police surveillance, CAT eyes program	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: Total Information Awareness Act	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: treatment of detainees	2002-2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: treatment of immigrants	2002-2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Immigrants and detainees: treatment of protesters	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Miscellaneous	2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Northampton Action: Bill of Rights Defense Committee National Conference	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Northampton Action: civil liberties resolutions, other towns	2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Northampton Action: Greenfield Community College Conference	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Northampton Action: Northampton resolutions	2002	Box 1
Civil liberties: Patriot Act II: background	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Patriot Act II: Victory	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Patriot Act Section 215: defeat	2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Patriot Act: bills to reprint	2003-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Patriot Act: historical parallels	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: Police involvement in immigration law: background	2002-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: Press Freedom	2003	Box 1
Civil liberties: SAFE act	2003-2004	Box 1
Civil liberties: The War on Terror and the Constitution	2008	Box 5
Civil liberties: Thoughts on civil liberties; know your rights	2002-2003	Box 1
Correspondence: Carson, James E. and Jean	1989-2005	Box 2
Correspondence: Guevara, Jose	1995-2001	Box 2
Correspondence: Hennessey, Rich and Ann	2004	Box 2
Correspondence: Leonard, Marcia	2001-2005	Box 2
Correspondence: Morey, Susan	2001-2003	Box 2
Correspondence: Tillman, Ina	2000-2001	Box 2
Cuba	1998	Box 2
Disaster relief: Afghanistan relief (Oxfam)	2001	Box 3
Disaster relief: African AIDS service	2001	Box 3
Disaster relief: El Salvador (earthquake)	2001	Box 3
Disaster relief: Haiti (flooding)	2004	Box 3
Disaster relief: Honduras (Hurricane)	1998	Box 3
Disaster relief: Honduras (Hurricane) press coverage	1998	Box 3
Disaster relief: Hurricane	1998	Box 3
Disaster relief: Hurricane Mitch	1999	Box 3
Disaster relief: India (earthquake)	2001	Box 3
Disaster relief: Tsunami	2004-2005	Box 3
El Salvador newsclippings	1980-1981	Box 5
El Salvador: Amherst Committee	1981	Box 5
El Salvador: correspondence with politicians (Silvio O. Conte, Paul Tsongas)	1981-1983	Box 5
El Salvador: Ecumenical memorial service, Amherst, Mass.	1981	Box 5
El Salvador: Unitarian Universalist Service Committee	1981	Box 5
Elderhostel: Central Europe	2000	Box 2
Elderhostel: record of trips	2000	Box 2
Elderhostel: Sicily	1999	Box 2
Elderhostel: Spain, part 1	1997	Box 2
Elderhostel: Spain, part 2	1997	Box 2
Elderhostel: Turkey	2001	Box 2
Foster, Nancy. Resume of political activities	2007	Box 5
Host family application	1997	Box 2
Hunger: Bread for the World	1999-2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World	2004-2005	Box 4
Hunger: Bread for the World	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Africa: background	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Africa: background from Frank Holmquist	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Africa: Hunger to Harvest	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Africa: Hunger to Harvest materials	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Africa: updates	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: AIDS in Africa	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Congressional resolution (Jim Stipe)	2001-2002	Box 2
Hunger: Bread for the World: Drop the debt	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Interfaith Committee	2001	Box 2
Hunger: Bread for the World: interfaith meeting	2001	Box 2
Hunger: Bread for the World: Massachusetts Annual Gathering	2001	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: meetings with John Olver	2000	Box 3
Hunger: Bread for the World: Project Bread	2001	Box 2
Hunger: Bread for the World: Senate Bill 583 (Kennedy-Specter) Nutritional assistance for working families and seniors	2001	Box 3
Hunger: debt (master copies)	1999	Box 3
Hunger: Debt relief Amherst	1999	Box 3
Hunger: debt relief handouts	1999	Box 3
Hunger: debt relief legislation	1999	Box 3
Hunger: debt relief talk (with Carmen Diana Deere and Jim Stipe)	1999	Box 3
Hunger: Food bank, Bread for the World pamphlets	1999	Box 3
Hunger: Hunger and debt relief legislations	2000	Box 3
Hunger: Interfaith Committee for Forgiveness of Global Debt	1999-2000	Box 3
Hunger: Lay Academy for Oecumenical Studies	2000	Box 3
Hunger: Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst offerings of letters and service on debt relief	1999-11	Box 3
Hunger: Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: Offering of letters	2001-10	Box 3
Hunger: Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: Offering of letters	2001-05	Box 3
Hunger: Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: Offering of letters	2001-04	Box 3
Impeachment	2006-2008	Box 5
Interfaith Coalition	2002-2003	Box 4
Iraq sanctions protest	1999	Box 4
Iraq talk	2001	Box 3
Iraq War mobilization	2002-2003	Box 4
Iraq War: articles	2002-2003	Box 4
Iraq War: letters to Congress	2002-2003	Box 4
Iraq War: MoveOn.org	2002	Box 4
Iraq War: opposition to invasion	2002-2003	Box 4
Iraq War: PTSD	2009	Box 5
Iraq War: response to terrorism	2001-09	Box 4
Israeli-Palestinian conflict	2002	Box 4
La Paz Centro Sister City Project	1999-2001	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections	2002-2003	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections	1999-2000	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections	2001	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections: Question 2 letters to the editor	1998	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections: Question 2 literature	1998	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections: Question 2 press coverage	1998	Box 3
Massachusetts Voters for Clean Elections: Question 2 workshops	1998	Box 3
Nuclear war pamphlets (includes photo of Nancy Foster, 2001)	1982	Box 5
Peace: Israeli-Palestinian peace	2002-2003	Box 3
Peace: Vigil for Peace: 9/11/2002	2002	Box 4
Randall Forsberg for Senate campaign	2002	Box 4
SAGE meetings	2007-2009	Box 5
SAGE meetings	2004-2005	Box 4
SAGE meetings	2002	Box 4
SAGE meetings	2003	Box 4
SAGE: opposition to tax breaks to millionaires	2004	Box 4
SAGE: table on the Town Commons	2005	Box 4
Sojourner’s Magazine, Moral Response to Terrorism	2001	Box 4
State and local political: charter change	2002	Box 2
State and local political: nuclear arms under Bush	2002	Box 2
State and local political: Robie Hubley for Select Board	2003	Box 2
Torture: articles of interest (including Christopher H. Pyle)	2004-2009	Box 5
Torture: letters to John Olver and letters to the editor	2009	Box 5
Torture: Pyle, Christopher H. talk (Tyll Van Geel)	2009	Box 5
Torture: Pyle, Christopher H.: writings	2004-2007	Box 5
Unitarian Universalist Service Committee	Undated	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2007-2009	Box 5
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2004-2005	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	1999-2000	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-11	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-10	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-09	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-05	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2003-05	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-04	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2003-04	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-03	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002-02	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2003-02	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2001	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2002	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee	2003-01	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: activities	2000-2004	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: activities	2003	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: agenda	2002-01	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: annual reports	2002-2008	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: civil liberties	2002-2003	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: civil liberties	2002	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	1996-1997	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	1997-1998	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	1998-1999	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	1999-2000	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	2000-2001	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	2001-2002	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	2003-2005	Box 4
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Cot shelter	2006-2007	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: dialogue on the war on terrorism	2002	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Environmental Action Group	2002-2003	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Iraq messages	2002	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: meet with legislators	2005	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: minutes	2003-2004	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: minutes	2005-2006	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: minutes	2006-2007	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: social justice on war	2003	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: Survival Center	2000-2004	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Social Justice Committee: welcoming congregation	2001	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst meetings	2005-2006	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst ministers	2005	Box 2
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst stationery	Undated	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: by-laws	2001	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: Guide for facilitators	1999	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: leadership skills	2001-2002	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: minister	2002-2004	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: rules or order	1997	Box 3
Unitarian Universalist Society of Amherst: social justice service	2001	Box 3
Welfare Reform (CPPAX): Downsizing of America	1994	Box 2
Welfare Reform (CPPAX): handouts and clippings	1994	Box 2
Welfare Reform (CPPAX): living wage	1994	Box 2
Welfare Reform (CPPAX): Massachusetts	1994	Box 2

Provenance

Gift of John Foster, October 2012.

Processing Information

Processed by I. Eliot Wentworth, October 2012.

Related Material

Foster worked in close concert with other local activists and organizations, many of which are represented in SCUA collections, including Lois Barber (the founder of 20/20 Vision and EarthAction), Mass. Voters for Clean Elections, and CCPAX. Foster’s work is also reflected in the papers of Congressmen Silvio O. Conte and John Olver.

Materials relating to Foster’s work on the GWEN project are located in the Peace Collections at Swarthmore College (Call no. DG 202).

Bibliography

Foster, Nancy E., “Citizens jam nuclear radio network,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists 44 (1988): 21-26.

Cite as: Nancy E. Foster Papers (MS 753). Special Collections and University Archives, University of Massachusetts Amherst Libraries.

Meier, August, 1923-2003

rscox — Wed, 11 Jul 2012 11:45:50 +0000

A pioneer in African American history, August Meier was a model of an engaged academic, a prolific writer, active participant in the civil rights struggle, and staunch member of the NAACP, SNCC, and CORE. While pursuing graduate work at Columbia under Henry Steele Commager, Meier taught at a succession of Historical Black Colleges, including Tougaloo (1945-1949), Fisk (1953-1956), and Morgan State (1957-1964). His dissertation, completed in 1957, became the first of eleven books he wrote or edited, Negro Thought in America, 1880-1915 (1963), with much of later work conducted in collaboration with Elliott Rudwick and John Bracey. Meier joined the faculty at Kent State University in 1967 and remained there until his retirement in 1993. His much-anticipated monograph on the history of the NAACP had not been completed at the time of death in 2003.

The Meier collection is am exceptional assemblage of books, pamphlets, and periodicals centering on African American history and culture, the antislavery and civil rights movements, and race relations. Reflecting his research interests and personal history, the collection includes a number of first editions, signed copies, and scarce titles. Many other books and journals owned by Meier have been integrated into the general collections of the University Libraries.

Lipshires, Sidney

dkovacs — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 17:15:42 +0000

Born on April 15, 1919 in Baltimore, Maryland to David and Minnie Lipshires, Sidney was raised in Northampton, Massachusetts where his father owned two shoe stores, David Boot Shop and The Bootery. He attended the Massachusetts State College for one year before transferring to the University of Chicago and was awarded a BA in economics in 1940. His years at the University of Chicago were transformative, Lipshires became politically active there and joined the Communist Party in 1939. Following graduation in 1941, he married Shirley Dvorin, a student in early childhood education; together they had two sons, Ellis and Bernard. Lipshires returned to western Massachusetts with his young family in the early 1940s, working as a labor organizer. He served in the United States Army from 1943 to 1946 working as a clerk and interpreter with a medical battalion in France for over a year. Returning home, he ran for city alderman in Springfield on the Communist Party ticket in 1947. Lipshires married his second wife, Joann Breen Klein, in 1951 and on May 29, 1956, the same day his daughter Lisa was born, he was arrested under the Smith Act for his Communist Party activities. Before his case was brought to trial, the Smith Act was ruled unconstitutional by the U.S. Supreme Court. Disillusioned with the Communist Party, he severed his ties with it in 1957, but continued to remain active in organized labor for the rest of his life. Earning his masters in 1965 and Ph.D. in 1971, Lipshires taught history at Manchester Community College in Connecticut for thirty years. During that time he worked with other campus leaders to establish a statewide union for teachers and other community college professionals, an experience he wrote about in his book, Giving Them Hell: How a College Professor Organized and Led a Successful Statewide Union. Sidney Lipshires died on January 6, 2011 at the age of 91.

Ranging from an autobiographical account that outlines his development as an activist (prepared in anticipation of a trial for conspiracy charges under the Smith Act) to drafts and notes relating to his book Giving Them Hell, the Sidney Lipshires Papers offers an overview of his role in the Communist Party and as a labor organizer. The collection also contains his testimony in a 1955 public hearing before the Special Commission to Study and Investigate Communism and Subversive Activities, photographs, and biographical materials.

Kaplan, Sidney, 1913-

rscox — Fri, 20 May 2011 11:50:38 +0000

An eminent scholar of African American history and activist, Sidney Kaplan was raised in New York City and graduated from City College in 1942. After wartime service as a Lieutenant in the Army, Kaplan returned to his education, completing an MA in history from Boston University (1948) and PhD at Harvard (1960), taking up the study of African American history at a time when few white scholars showed interest. Joining the English Department at UMass in 1946, Kaplan’s influence was widely felt at UMass Amherst and in the local community: he was among the founders of the Department of Afro-American Studies, a founder of the UMass Press, a founder and editor of the Massachusetts Review, and he was the editor of Leonard Baskin’s Gehenna Press. Over more than thirty years at UMass, he worked on diverse projects in history, literature, and the arts, often in partnership with his wife Emma Nogrady, a librarian at Smith College whom he married in 1933, ranging from studies of Poe and Melville to a biographical dictionary of African Americans and a study of Shays’ Rebellion. In 1973, they were co-authors of the first comprehensive study of depictions of African Americans in the visual arts, The Black Presence in the Era of the American Revolution (based on an exhibition planned for the National Portrait Gallery), and in 1991, the UMass Press published a collection of Sidney’s essays, American Studies in Black and White. A Fulbright lecturer in Greece and Yugoslavia and exchange Professor at the University of Kent, Kaplan was the recipient of the Bancroft Award from the Association for the Study of Negro Life and History for best article of the year in the Journal of Negro History, and he was awarded the UMass Amherst Chancellor’s Medal in 1979, one year after his retirement. Sidney Kaplan died in 1993 at age 80 and was followed by Emma in 2010.

The Kaplan Papers document a long career devoted to the study of African American history and life. The extensive correspondence, research notes, and drafts of articles and other materials offer important insight into the growth of African American studies from the 1950s through 1970s as well as the growth of UMass Amherst into a major research university.

Class Action

rscox — Tue, 12 Apr 2011 19:41:58 +0000

Since incorporating as a non-profit in 2004, Class Action has been dedicated to exploring issues surrounding class and identifying means of dismantling classism. Founded by Felice Yeskel (an activist and founder of the Stonewall Center at UMass Amherst) and Jennifer Ladd, Class Action offers training, workshops, and organizational consulting to raise awareness of the impact of class barriers and class privilege on the lives of individuals and communities and of the intersections between race and class. Their goals include making class a diversity issue and promoting a broader vision of economic and social justice that will create lasting systemic change.

The records of Class Action include administrative files for the organization along with a range of materials used in training sessions and workshops.

Cohen, Alvin P.

rscox — Tue, 14 Dec 2010 15:20:18 +0000

As an undergraduate at the University of California Berkeley in the late 1950s, Alvin P. Cohen planned on a career in engineering, but after earning his bachelors degree and working as a laboratory technician, he returned to undergraduate status and then to graduate school in Chinese. Cohen’s time at Berkeley coincided with the turbulence of the first wave of student revolt, the civil rights and antiwar movements, and the Free Speech Movement, however as a married man with children, he was more an observer than activist. After completing his dissertation, The Avenging Ghost: Moral Judgment in Chinese Historical Texts, in 1971, he joined the faculty at UMass Amherst, initially with a split appointment teaching Chinese and working as East Asian bibliographer in the library. Over the next three and a half decades, he helped build the Program in Asian Languages and Literature, becoming its Chair in the 1990s and President of the Warring States Project.

Consisting of newsclippings, fliers, and other ephemera collected as the Free Speech Movement was at its height, the Cohen collection provides a valuable window on 1960s activism and the cross-fertilization between the various student movements. The materials cover a range of issues from free speech on campus to the California legislature, civil rights, the war in Vietnam, and the House Un-American Activities Committee. Of particular interest is a letter received by Cohen from a friend Doug Wachter in 1960, shortly after Wachter had been called before HUAC.

McVeigh, Kevin

rscox — Fri, 01 Oct 2010 20:29:36 +0000

A lifelong activist for social and environmental justice, Kevin McVeigh was among the founders of two prominent antinuclear and environmental organizations in Northern California, the Pelican Alliance (1978) and Interhelp (1981). After relocating to Massachusetts, he continued in environmental activism, founding the Green River Center in Greenfield in 1987, but in response to the intense public health crisis, he gradually shifted his focus to become an advocate for persons with HIV/AIDS. As a founder of the AIDS Community Group of Franklin County (Mass.), he has coordinated AIDS services for Tapestry Health, a not-for-profit organization providing affordable health care to in Western Massachusetts.

The McVeigh Papers document a career as a committed antinuclear activist and advocate for persons with HIV/AIDS. The collection includes organizational materials from each of the groups McVeigh helped found: The Pelican Alliance, Interhelp, the Green River Center, the AIDS Community Group of Franklin County, and Tapestry Health, as well as correspondence, newspaper clippings, journals and magazines related to the issues concerning, notes from HIV/AIDS caregivers’ conferences, materials relating to men’s support groups, and other material related to environmental protection and anti-war activism. Finally, the collection includes audio files of an oral history (approximately two hours) conducted with McVeigh in July 2010, and a small collection of antinuclear books from small publishing houses.

Saltonstall, Stephen L.

rscox — Mon, 19 Jul 2010 18:21:00 +0000

In the summer 1962, Harvard student Steve Saltonstall was one of the early wave of white northerners who went into the Jim Crow south to work for civil rights. During that summer, he worked with SNCC to organize public accommodations in Cairo, Ill., and with an AFSC crew to help clear brush from a drainage ditch near Circle City, Missouri, encountering local resistance in both places. Saltonstall later became an attorney and currently practices in Vermont.

The Saltonstall collection consists of approximately sixty photographs taken by John Engel during his tour with an AFSC crew during the summer of 1962. While most of the images depict the crew’s work near Circle City, Missouri, six photos document a civil rights rally in Cairo, Ill. The images are available in digital form only.

Historical Note

In the summer 1962, Harvard student Steve Saltonstall was one of the early wave of white northerners who went into the Jim Crow south to work for civil rights. Still a teenager, Saltonstall assisted a SNCC project in Cairo, Illinois, then a hotbed of KKK activity, that sought to integrate public accommodations built with federal funds.

From there, Saltonstall enlisted on a crew organized by the American Friends Service Committee, to travel fifty miles west to work on a seemingly more mundane project, to help clear a tree-filled drainage ditch near the segregated, all-white community of Circle City, Missouri, that caused the city to flood each year. The AFSC crew was integrated by a single African American woman who, as Saltonstall recalled, “ultimately left the camp for unknown reasons I never fully understood,” and as a result, the northerners was visited nightly by night riders. “But the head camp counselor, Mick Micklem,” Saltonstall wrote, “was a southerner who persuaded the rednecks to leave. We cleared the trees from the ditch and had a Quaker Meeting in it on the last day of camp. It was a beautiful sight, pink cotton flowers as far as one could see.”

After college, Saltonstall spent some time as a back to the land hippie and later received a law degree from Northeastern University. Today he does civil trial work in Vermont, with a specialty in personal injury and wrongful death, criminal defense, and civil rights and civil liberties.

Scope and Contents of the Collection

Information on Use

Terms of Access and Use

Restrictions on access:

The collection is open for research.

Preferred Citation

Cite as: Stephen L. Saltonstall Photograph Collection (PH 014). Special Collections and University Archives, W.E.B. Du Bois Library, University of Massachusetts Amherst.

History of the Collection

Acquired from John Engel by Tom Fels, 1999.

Processing Information

Processed by Dex Haven, August 2010.

Additional Information

Language

English

Contents List

Stephen Saltonstall and unidentified crew member	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

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	1962	Digital

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	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

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	1962	Digital

Tree litter in drainage ditch, Circle City, Missouri	1962	Digital

Tree litter in drainage ditch, Circle City, Missouri	1962	Digital

Burning brush, Circle City, Missouri	1962	Digital

Burning brush, Circle City, Missouri	1962	Digital

Burning brush, Circle City, Missouri	1962	Digital

Burning brush, Circle City, Missouri	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

Civil rights demonstrators organizing, Cairo, Ill.	1962	Digital

Civil rights demonstrators marching past Blankenship and Co. auto parts sign, Cairo, Ill.	1962	Digital

Civil rights demonstrators marching past Shemwell’s Barbeque, Cairo, Ill.	1962	Digital

Police and civil rights demonstrators, Cairo, Ill.	1962	Digital

Civil rights picket line, Cairo, Ill. Signs read “Jim Crow must go” and “We demand our rights,” “We shall overcome,” and “Segregation is evil.”	1962	Digital

Civil rights demonstrators, Cairo, Ill.: signs read “We demand Human Relations Council.”	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital

	1962	Digital