UMarmot » Reform

National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (U.S.)

rscox — Wed, 28 Nov 2012 14:55:02 +0000

Founded by attorney Keith Stroup in 1970, the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML) is the nation’s oldest and most prominent organization advocating for an end to cannabis prohibition. A nonprofit public-interest advocacy group based in Washington, DC, NORML has lobbied at the state and federal levels for the elimination of penalties for the cultivation, possession, and responsible use of cannabis, and it has met with success in state-level efforts at decriminalization. Over the years, NORML has led a wide variety of educational initiatives and coordinated its activities with other organizations working for cannabis reform. More recently, NORML has become a significant voice in the struggle to legalize the therapeutic use of marijuana.

The records of NORML offer a perspective on more than forty years of grassroots advocacy in cause of drug policy legislation. Highly varied in nature, the records include organizational records, research files on marijuana and marijuana use, promotional materials prepared by NORML, and letters from persons incarcerated for possession. The collection is currently being received by SCUA with new additions expected in the near term.

Grinspoon, Lester, 1928-

rscox — Tue, 02 Oct 2012 14:26:05 +0000

Lester Grinspoon, the Harvard psychiatrist who became a celebrated advocate for reforming marijuana laws, was born June 24, 1928, in Newton, Massachusetts. A veteran of the Merchant Marines and a graduate of Tufts University and Harvard Medical School, he trained at the Boston Psychoanalytic Institute but later turned away from psychoanalysis. Senior psychiatrist for 40 years at the Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Grinspoon is associate professor emeritus of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. In the mid-1960s, struck by the rising popularity of marijuana and its reputed dangers, Grinspoon began to examine the medical and scientific literature about marijuana usage. To his surprise, he found no evidence to support claims of marijuana’s harmful effects, and his resulting 1969 Scientific American article drew wide attention. His research ultimately convinced him of marijuana’s benefits, including enhanced creativity and medicinal uses. His own young son, undergoing chemotherapy for the leukemia that eventually took his life, found his severe nausea greatly eased by marijuana. By his 40s, Grinspoon had gained renown as an outspoken proponent of responsible adult use and legalization.

The Lester Grinspoon Papers comprehensively document Grinspoon’s advocacy and activism, including his role as a board member of NORML; his research and writing of the books Marihuana Reconsidered and Marihuana: The Forbidden Medicine, numerous articles, two web sites, and more; his position as an expert witness in criminal trials; and his relationships with friends, colleagues, and many others, such as Carl Sagan, John Lennon, Keith Stroup, and Melanie Dreher. The collection comprises correspondence, research material, drafts and publications, clinical accounts, clippings, ephemera, scrapbooks, and audiovisual materials: photographs, as well as videotapes and DVDs of Grinspoon’s appearances on television and in documentary films.

Lyman Family Papers

rscox — Thu, 08 Oct 2009 20:46:06 +0000

Associated with intellectual circles in mid-19th century Boston, the Lyman family produced a remarkable succession of scientists, savants, businessmen, and travelers. Joseph Lyman (an engineer and geology, abolitionist, and railroad investor), his brother-in-law J. Peter Lesley (geologist), and nephew Benjamin Smith Lyman (mining engineer and student of Japan) all had significant careers in the sciences and significant involvement in the public affairs of the day.

Consisting primarily of letters received by Benjamin Smith Lyman, many from his uncle Joseph, along with dozens of photographs from three generations, the Lyman family collection offers valuable insight into the life of the Lyman lineage extending from Edward Hutchinson Robbins Lyman (b. 1819) through Frank Lyman Jr. (b. 1908). Particularly rich in the period 1860-1880, it includes a long series of letters written during a tour of Germany and France and family letters written from both Jamaica Plain and Northampton. Perhaps most significant is an important series of nearly 800 letters to Joseph Lyman while he served as Treasurer of the Kansas Land Trust, an affiliate of the New England Emigrant Aid Company, regarding the purchase of “surplus” Delaware Indian lands in Kansas for antislavery settlers in 1856-1857. Although the majority concern inquiries on investment in the lands and financial arrangements, many letters also make reference to the political struggle over slavery in the territory, the founding of Quindaro as an antislavery town, and related matters. Many of the letters, which were originally bound into a letterbook, are addressed to Amos A. Lawrence, founder of the NEEAC and one of John Brown’s “Secret Six.” Among the correspondents are Geritt Smith (who curtly declines), Charles Robinson, and Thomas Wentworth Higginson.

Obear, Clark Hopkins

rscox — Thu, 16 Apr 2009 20:22:59 +0000

A resident of New Ipswich, N.H., Clark Obear (1881-1888) was an ardent supporter of the temperance and antislavery movements, and was deeply involved in the affairs of his church and community. Obear and his wife Lydia Ann Swasey (b.1820), whom he married June 8, 1848, were long-time teachers in Hillsborough County, but he worked at various points as a farmer and in insurance, and served in public office as a deputy sheriff, a Lieutenant Colonel in the militia, a fence viewer and pound keeper, and for several years he was superintendent of schools. Obear and his wife had two children, Annabel Clark (b. June 25, 1852, later wife of George Conant) and Francis A. (b. July 7, 1857).

The Obear collection consists of four diaries dated 1845-1851 (252p.), 1871-1877 (ca.280p.), 1878-1883 (280p.), and 1884-1888 (203p.). Although most of the entries are brief, they form a continuous coverage of many years and offer details that provide a real sense of the rhythms of life in a small village in south central New Hampshire. Of particular note, Obear carefully notes the various lectures he attends in town and the organizations of which he is part, including middle class reform movements like temperance and antislavery.

Abair, Gene

rscox — Tue, 14 Oct 2008 20:20:25 +0000

After joining Alcoholics and Anonymous in Springfield to regain control over his life, Gene Abair emerged a new man. And a bibliophile. A janitor with a limited education, Abair began to collect books relating to alcoholism and temperance, eventually devoting himself to making his growing collection available to alcoholics and non-alcoholics alike as a lending library. The collection was acquired by UMass in 1972 with the assistance of Abair’s friend, Mrs. Walter E. Carlson, and about 100 titles (of over 400) were transferred to SCUA.

The Abair Collection includes works on the physiology, psychology, ethics, and social history of alcohol consumption from the mid-19th through the mid-twentieth centuries. Among other items, it includes key works on medical aspects of inebriety, personal narratives and biographies of temperance leaders and alcoholics, and books on the formal temperance movement and prohibition.

Brown, John, 1800-1859

scua — Mon, 19 Nov 2007 06:00:22 +0000

Microfilm containing documents drawn from various repositories including John Brown’s correspondence with family, friends, and others; court records and testimony; transcripts of interviews and other personal reminiscences; drafts of narratives; memorandum book; drafts of speeches; church records; minutes of Anti-slavery Society of Lawrence, Kansas; financial and legal records; broadsides and circulars; newspaper clippings; other miscellaneous records.

George Cooley & Company

scua — Thu, 16 Aug 2007 17:20:01 +0000

Ledger, begun by George Cooley in 1843 to record the accounts of his soapmaking business in the Cabotville section of Chicopee, continued by Titus Chapin, an ardent abolitionist, and Mordecai Cough who managed the business following Cooley’s death (or departure) in 1848. The 1843 date coincides with the coming of many small businesses to Cabotville in connection with the growth of industries there at the time.

Cooley accepted goods, services and cash as payment. The most frequently accepted goods had relatively obvious value to a soap maker: grease and ashes, tallow, pork, scraps and skins, and candles. Some of the services bartered were repairing wagon, shoeing horse, fixing wippletree, making 30 boxes, and covering umbrella. The business sold gallons, bars, and cakes of soap. Mount Holyoke Seminary bought 28 “fancy soaps”. Also listed were shaving soap and hard or hand soap. In addition, sales sometimes included candles, butter, mop handles, molasses, apples and potatoes, squashes, satinet, cheese, cord wood, paint, and rosin. Some of the listings were annotated with regard to the customer’s character: Ashad Bartlett was seen as “bad and poor and fights with his wife”‘ Norris Starkwether was “an honest man”; and Miss L.B. Hunt “eloped with a man”.

Scope and Contents of the Collection

This ledger, begun by George Cooley in 1843 to record the accounts of his soap making business in the Cabotville section of Chicopee, was continued by Titus Chapin, an ardent abolitionist, and Mordecai Clough when they took over the business following Cooley’s death (or departure) in 1848.

The ledger reveals that the business took payment in goods and services as well as in cash. The most frequently accepted goods were grease and ashes; also taken in were tallow, pork, scraps and skins, and candles. Some of the services bartered were repairing wagon, shoeing horse, fixing whippletree, making 30 boxes, and covering umbrella.

The business sold gallons, bars, and cakes of soap. Mount Holyoke Seminary bought 28 “fancy soaps”. Also listed were shaving soap and hard or hand soap. In addition, sales sometimes included candles, butter, mop handles, molasses, apples and potatoes, squashes, satinet, cheese, cord wood, paint, and rosin.

Some of the listings were annotated with regard to the customer’s character: Ashad Bartlett was seen as “bad and poor and fights with his wife”, Norris Starkwether was “an honest man”, and Miss L.B. Hunt “eloped with a man”.

While certain accounts in the Chapin/Clough portion of the ledger are noted as being transferred to a new ledger, it is not known whether another preceded this one. The 1843 date coincides with the coming of many small businesses to Cabotville in connection with the growth of industries there at the time.

Information on Use

Terms of Access and Use

Restrictions on access:

The collection is open for research.

Preferred Citation

Cite as: George Cooley and Co. Ledger (MS 111). Special Collections and University Archives, W.E.B. Du Bois Library, University of Massachusetts Amherst.

History of the Collection

Acquired from Robert Lucas, 1986

Processing Information

Processed by Linda Seidman, December 1986.

Additional Information

Sponsor

Encoding funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

Language

English.

Hudson Family

scua — Mon, 02 Jul 2007 21:40:37 +0000

Correspondence (1825-1888) and journals (1830-1845) of Erasmus Darwin Hudson (1805-1880), anti-slavery organizer and orthopedic surgeon, relating chiefly to his activities for the Connecticut and American Anti-Slavery societies; his antislavery campaign map of New York state and surrounding areas (1841), with handwritten notes; account books (1831-1838) of Daniel C. Hudson and Erasmus Darwin Hudson; family records and writings of Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Jr. (1843-1887), thoracic physician, and other family members; notes on the branches of medicine and handwritten drafts of lectures; genealogies of the Hudson, Shaw, Clarke, Fowler, and Cooke families, and printed material, memorabilia, clipping and photographs. Includes correspondence from major antislavery figures, including Abby Kelley, Wendell Phillips, Frederick Douglass, William Lloyd Garrison, Isaac Hopper, and Samuel May.

Biographical Note

Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Sr. (1806-1880), was an anti-slavery organizer, agent for the Connecticut and American Anti-Slavery Societies between 1838-1849, pioneer orthopedic surgeon, and inventor of prosthetic devices.

1806	Born December 15, Torringford (now part of Torrington) CT, to Daniel Coe and Rhoda Fowler Hudson Educated at Torringford Academy
1823-1827	Studied medicine with Dr. Remus M. Fowler, New Marlboro, MA; then at Berkshire Medical College (Pittsfield, MA), a branch of Williams College
1827	Received M.D. from Berkshire Medical College; member of Berkshire Historical Society; married Martha Turner, daughter of Deacon Isaac and Martha Humphrey Turner of Marlboro, MA
1828-1833	Private medical practice, Bloomfield, CT; member Hopkins Medical Association, Hartford County Medical Society, Connecticut Medical Society; physician and surgeon, Connecticut State Emigrant Hospital; temperance advocate and local leader in philanthropic work
1833-1837	Co-principal, with Rev. Epaphras Goodman, of Goodman and Hudson’s Family Boarding School, Torringford, CT
1838-1839	Lecturing agent, Connecticut Anti-Slavery Society
1839-1850	General agent, American Anti-Slavery Society; circuit included in turn, Connecticut, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, Maine, New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, New York, Pennsylvania and Delaware; family relocated to Oberlin, OH, then to Northampton, MA
1850-1855	Orthopedic surgeon in private practice, Springfield, MA
1855-1880	Orthopedic surgeon in private practice, New York City
ca. 1861-1865	Commission from Surgeon General of United States Army for the care and treatment of wounded soldiers requiring amputation and resection at the military hospital at Central Park in New York City and other hospitals; invented orthopedic apparatus, and wrote related surgical reports to the United States Sanitary Commission.
1867	Received awards for orthopedic apparatus, Exposition Universelle, Paris, France
1872	European Tour
1876	Received awards for surgical apparatus, Centennial Exposition, Philadelphia, PA
1880	Died of pneumonia December 31 in Riverside, Greenwich, CT

See Series 1, folder 5 for a bibliography of E.D. Hudson, Sr.’s published writings.

Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Jr. (1843-1887), was a thoracic physician and educator.

1843	Born November 10, Northampton, MA, to Erasmus Darwin, Sr. and Martha Turner Hudson
1855	Moved with family to New York City, attended public schools
1864	Graduated from College of the City of New York
1867	Received M.D. from Columbia University’s College of Physicians and Surgeons
1867-1868	House surgeon, Bellevue Hospital, and private practice, New York City
1869-1870	Health Inspector, New York City
1870-1880	Attending physician, Bellevue Hospital, Trinity House, and Trinity Chapel Parish; professor, Women’s Medical College of the New York Infirmary; consultant to other physicians
1871	Married Laura Shaw, daughter of Dr. Samuel and Elizabeth Clarke Shaw of Plainfield, MA
1880-1887	Professor, New York Polyclinic; attending physician Bellevue and St. Elizabeth’s Hospital, New York City; librarian and member of the Library Committee, New York Academy of Medicine; chairman, Ethics Committee, Medical Society of the County
1887	Died of pneumonia May 9 in New York City

See Series 2, folder 1 for bibliography of E.D. Hudson, Jr.’s published writings.

Scope and Contents of the Collection

The Hudson Family Papers (1807-1963) derive from five generations of five New England families. They include the Hudsons and those related to them by marriage: the Fowler, Shaw, Clarke, and Cooke families.

Of principal interest are the papers, 1809-1880, n.d., of Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Sr. (1806-1880) which document through journals, correspondence, and writings, his service with the Connecticut Anti-Slavery Society and eleven-year tenure with the American Anti-Slavery Society (A.A.-S.S.). Covering a circuit of at least eleven states in the Midwest, middle-Atlantic region, and his native New England between 1839 and 1850, Hudson recorded, often daily, his experiences organizing local anti-slavery societies: traveling, arranging meetings, attending conventions, raising funds, confronting what was frequently violent opposition, and maintaining contact with supporters of abolition such as William Lloyd Garrison, Sydney Gay, Isaac Hopper, Abby Kelley, Wendell Phillips, Gerrit Smith, Theodore Weld, and Henry Wright.

In some respects the wealth of information contained in Hudson’s papers is not easily accessible. His handwriting poses one obstacle; his wife and other correspondents admonish him on this count. In addition, it was characteristic of him, particularly in the early years, to incorporate indiscriminately into a single volume financial records pertaining to the A.A.-S.S., personal financial records, and a faithful record of events, making it difficult for the reader to follow any one of these lines chronologically or thematically. Another factor is the amount of space he devotes to the reiteration of his moral stance, which had also motivated his establishing a boarding school with the Reverend Epaphras Goodman, as well as his temperance work. These problems can be circumvented owing to the contributions to the papers by their donor, Sidney Kaplan. The transcripts Kaplan prepared for most of the collection often include underlining to highlight names, dates, and places. He has also provided identification for many items and fragments, and an invaluable calendar of selected items (filed in the first folder of Box 1). Viewed from another perspective, Hudson’s eclectic style offers a sense of immediacy–a vivid account of his daily life and convictions until his participation in the A.A.-S.S. drew to a close (coinciding with the movement’s shifting emphasis from evangelism to politics). Samples of the articles Hudson wrote for The Liberator and the Anti-Slavery Standard (Boston and New York, 1837-1849), and The Charter Oak (Hartford, 1838-1841), which he co-edited, must be sought from other sources.

Regarding Hudson’s medical career, more material is available from his student years and private practice in Connecticut (e.g., notes, financial and academic records, and letters of recommendation) than from the period beginning in 1850, when he adopted orthopedic surgery as his specialty, becoming a distinguished inventor of prosthetic devices during and after the Civil War. In later years he cultivated an interest in family history and acquired most of the Hudson and Fowler genealogies included in the papers.

The son of Erasmus Darwin and Martha Turner Hudson, E. Darwin Hudson, Jr. (1843-1887), also achieved prominence as a physician, and his papers, 1862-1887, establish his credentials as a surgeon, educator, public health officer, staff physician at several hospitals, and consultant, all in New York City. As such, they tend to include more biographical records (e.g., certificates, letters of award and appointment, and printed materials) than personal papers. Insight into Hudson Jr.’s character can be gathered from his private correspondence, and from a lengthy memorial address, 1887, delivered by a fellow physician, Laurence Johnson.

The Hudson Family Papers contain correspondence, legal and financial records, writings, genealogies, clippings and other printed materials relating to extended family members who may be considered significant in a regional context. Clara Elizabeth Hudson (1880-1963) was a community leader and the last of the Hudsons. Her papers, 1923-1951, and her book of family and local history, Plain Tales from Plainfield, provide several important links within this diverse collection. Samuel Shaw (1790-1869), a physician in Plainfield, MA, his son, Samuel Francis Shaw (b.1833), a surgeon who served in the U.S. Navy during the Civil War, Charles Lyman Shaw (1842-1902), an educator, and Anne Laura Clarke (1788-1861), who traveled widely as a lecturer on history and who originated many of the Cooke and Clarke family records in the collection, are represented each by fewer than a dozen items. Even less is contained here for Martha Turner Hudson (1806-1887), Laura Shaw Hudson (1846-1921), Darwin Shaw Hudson (1876-1959), Sibyl Catlin Fowler (ca. 1787-1855), Elizabeth Clarke Shaw (ca. 1799-1863), and Stella Augusta Shaw (b. 1835). There is also a folder of unidentified letters, writings and fragments.

The accretion from Arvilla Dyer, 1984, includes Erasmus D. Hudson, Sr. correspondence, 1837-1888; bio-bibliographic materials; journal “1845?”; writings; letters to Martha Turner Hudson. Also additional materials re: Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Jr., Clara Hudson, and Samuel Shaw.

This collection is organized into seven series:

Series 1. Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Sr., Papers, 1809-1880, n.d.
Series 2. E. Darwin Hudson, Jr., Family Papers, 1862-1951, n.d.
Series 3. Fowler, Shaw, Clarke, and Cooke Family Papers, 1807-1886, n.d.
Series 4. Photographs, 1873-1879, n.d.
Series 5. Printed Materials
Series 6. Copies of Materials Located in Other Repositories
Series 7. Accretion

Information on Use

Terms of Access and Use

Restrictions on access:

The collection is open for research.

Preferred Citation

Cite as: Hudson Family Papers (MS 332). Special Collections and University Archives, W.E.B. Du Bois Library, University of Massachusetts Amherst.

History of the Collection

Acquired from Sidney Kaplan in 1979. Accretion acquired from Arvilla Dyer, 1984. Copies of related papers were received from the Smith College Sophia Smith Collection, the Forbes Library, and the Northampton Historical Society in 1983.

Processing Information

Processed by Laurie B. Gans, October 1983.

Additional Information

Sponsor

Encoding funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

Language

English.

Related Materials

Additional Hudson family papers passed from Clara Elizabeth Hudson, either directly or indirectly, to the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College, the Forbes Library, the Northampton Historical Society (all in Northampton, Mass.), and the Shaw Memorial Library and Shaw Historical Homestead (Plainfield, Mass.). Photocopies of some of these materials are available in the collection.

Separated Material

The following books have been transferred to the Rare Books stacks:

Barber, John Warner, Historical Collections: Being a General Collection of Interesting Facts, Traditions, Biographical Sketches, Anecdotes & c., Relating to the History and Antiquities of Every Town in Massachusetts, with Geographical Descriptions, Illustrated by 200 Engravings. Worcester: Dorr Howland & Co., 1840. Call number: Special Collections F64 B23 1840.

Darby, William, and Theodore Dwight, Jr., A New Gazetteer of the United States of America. Hartford: Edward Hopkins, 1833. Call number: Special Collections E 154 D21 1833.

Contents List


Series 1. Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Sr., Papers	1809-1880
Subseries A: Bio-Bibliographical
Hudson Family records before E.D.	1809, ca. 1875	Box 1:1
Letters of introduction and recommendation	1825-1841	Box 1:2
Legal, financial, and educational records	1827-1833	Box 1:3
Map of New York State showing Hudson’s anti-slavery journeys	ca. 1841-1850	Box 1:4
List of publications of E.D. Hudson, Sr. from National Union Catalogue		Box 1:5
Subseries B: Journals
Journal	1832-1838 (of Daniel Hudson, 1831)	Box 1:6
Journal	1838	Box 1:7
Journal	(1838), 1842, 1845	Box 1:8
Journal	1839-1840	Box 1:9
Journal	February-April, 1840	Box 1:10
Journal	1840-1842	Box 1:11
Journal	October, 1840-February, 1841	Box 1:12
Subseries C: Correspondence
Correspondence	1825-1829	Box 1:13
Correspondence	1830-1834	Box 1:14
Correspondence	1835-1838	Box 1:15
Correspondence	1839	Box 1:16
Correspondence	1840	Box 1:17
Correspondence	1841	Box 1:18
Correspondence	1842	Box 1:19
Correspondence	1843	Box 1:20
Correspondence	1844	Box 1:21
Correspondence	1845	Box 1:22
Correspondence	1846	Box 1:23
Correspondence	1847	Box 1:24
Correspondence	1848	Box 1:25
Correspondence	1851-1854	Box 1:26
Correspondence	1861-1880	Box 1:27
Correspondence	n.d.	Box 1:28
Subseries D: Writings
Medical, moral, and on brother Daniel’s death	1831-1834	Box 1:29
Notes from Columbiana County Convention of Abolitionists	1841	Box 1:30
Anti-slavery writings	n.d.	Box 1:31
Subseries E: Transcripts
Journal	1838	Box 2:32
Journal	(1838), 1842, 1845	Box 2:33
Journal	1839-1840	Box 2:34
Journal,	February-April, 1840	Box 2:35
Journal	October, 1840-February, 1841	Box 2:36
Journal (permanent copy),	1842-1843	Box 2:37
Journal (permanent copy)	1845	Box 2:38
Correspondence	1825-1829	Box 2:39
Correspondence	1830	Box 2:40
Correspondence	1831	Box 2:41
Correspondence	1832	Box 2:42
Correspondence	1833-1834	Box 2:43
Correspondence	1835-1836	Box 2:44
Correspondence	1837-1838	Box 2:45
Correspondence	1839	Box 2:46
Correspondence	1840	Box 2:47
Correspondence	1841	Box 2:48
Correspondence	January-June, 1842	Box 2:49
Correspondence	July-October, 1842	Box 2:50
Correspondence	January-August, 1843	Box 2:51
Correspondence	September-October, 1843	Box 2:52
Correspondence	1844	Box 2:53
Correspondence	January-April, 1845	Box 2:54
Correspondence	July-November, 1845	Box 2:55
Correspondence	1846	Box 2:56
Correspondence	1847	Box 2:57
Correspondence	1848	Box 2:58
Correspondence	1851-1854	Box 2:59
Correspondence	1861-1870	Box 2:60
Correspondence	miscellaneous, n.d.	Box 2:61
Writings	1831-1834	Box 2:62
Subseries F: Martha Turner Hudson
Incoming letters	1831-1842, n.d.	Box 2:63
Transcripts of incoming letters	1831-1842, n.d.	Box 2:64


Series 2. E. Darwin Hudson, Jr., Family Papers	1862-1951, n.d.
Subseries A: E. Darwin Hudson, Jr.
Certificates, letters of award and appointment, and printed biographical records	1868-1887	Box 3:1
Outgoing letters	1869-1880	Box 3:2
Letters and tributes on his death	1887	Box 3:3
Subseries B: Laura Shaw Hudson
Outgoing letters	1862-1880, n.d.	Box 3:4
Subseries C: Darwin Shaw Hudson
Certificates and printed materials	1894-1924	Box 3:5
Subseries D: Clara Elizabeth Hudson
Typescripts of writings, 1947, 1951; and financial record, 1923		Box 3:6


Series 3. Fowler, Shaw, Clarke, and Cooke Family Papers	1807-1886, n.d.
Subseries A: Fowler Family
Genealogical records		Box 3:1
Sibyl Catlin Fowler Papers	1837, n.d.	Box 3:2
Subseries B: Shaw Family
Genealogical records		Box 3:3
Samuel Shaw Papers	1826-1867, n.d.	Box 3:4
Elizabeth Clarke Shaw, Correspondence	1829-1863, n.d.	Box 3:5
Stella Augusta Shaw, incoming letters	1863-1880	Box 3:6
Samuel Francis Shaw Papers	1855-1880	Box 3:7
Charles Lyman Shaw, writings	ca. 1894	Box 3:8
Subseries C: Clarke Family
Genealogical records		Box 3:9
Anne Laura Clarke Papers	1815-1864, n.d.	Box 3:10
Other Clarkes	1807, 1886, n.d.	Box 3:11
Subseries D: Cooke Family
Genealogies; transcript of Aaron Cooke’s will; account of Minutemen;	all n.d.	Box 3:12
Subseries E: Unidentified manuscripts
Unidentified letters, writings, and fragments		Box 3:13


Series 4. Photographs	1873-1879
Hudson Family		Box 3:1


Series 5: Printed Materials
E.D. Hudson, Sr.		Box 3:1
E.D. Hudson, Jr. and family		Box 3:2
Clara Hudson, Plain Tales from Plainfield		Box 3:3
Fowler genealogies		Box 3:4
Photocopies of excerpts from Samuel Orcutt, History of Torringford	1878	Box 3:5
Samuel Orcutt, History of Torringford	1878	Box 4:6
Nahum Mitchell, History of the Early Settlement of Bridgewater	1840	Box 4:7
Photo of a letter to E.D. Hudson Sr., removed from Mitchell’s history of Bridgewater		Box 4:8
“An Address to the Anti-Slavery Christians”; “Articles of Faith and Covenant…Congregational Church in Torringford.”		Box 4:9
Miscellaneous		Box 4:10


Series 6. Copies of Materials Located in Other Repositories
Photocopy of inventory of the Hudson Collection in Smith College Sophia Smith Collection, Northampton, MA		Box 3:1
Photocopies of the Clara E. Hudson Papers in the Forbes Library, Northampton, MA		Box 3:2
NO SERIES NUMBER: CARBON COPIES AND EARLY DRAFTS OF TRANSCRIPTS IN COLLECTION
File cards for correspondence (incomplete)		Box 5:1
Transcript of journal	1842-1843	Box 5:2
Transcript of journal	1845	Box 5:3
Transcripts of correspondence: early drafts		Box 5:4
Transcripts of correspondence: carbon copies		Box 5:5
Transcripts: miscellaneous; early drafts		Box 5:6
Calendar of Selected Items		Box 5:7


Series 7. Accretion
Subseries A: Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Sr.
Bio-bibliographic materials	1853-1883	Box 6:1
Journal	1853-1883, 1845?	Box 6:2
Correspondence (originals)	1837-1888, n.d.	Box 6:3
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1837-1846	Box 6:4
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1847-1848	Box 6:5
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1849-1858	Box 6:6
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1861	Box 6:7
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1862	Box 6:8
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1863-1866	Box 6:9
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1868-1869	Box 6:10
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1870-1871	Box 6:11
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1872	Box 6:12
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1875-1877	Box 6:13
Correspondence, (photocopies)	1880, n.d.	Box 6:14
Writings, undated		Box 6:15
Letters to Martha Hudson, (originals)	1862-1881	Box 6:16
Letters to Martha Hudson, (photocopies)	1862-1881	Box 6:17
Subseries B: Erasmus Darwin Hudson, Jr.
Notebook of essays, 1861; copyright contract, 1886; memorial tribute to classmate (?)Andrew Quakinbush, Jr.		Box 6:18
Subseries C: Clara Hudson
Journal	n.d.	Box 6:19
Subseries D: Samuel Shaw
Article of agreement for forming partnership,	1818	Box 6:20
Subseries E: Unidentified
Two lithographs, two poems		Box 6:21

Lyman, Benjamin Smith, 1835-1920

scua — Wed, 16 May 2007 19:00:42 +0000

A native of Northampton, Massachusetts, Benjamin Smith Lyman was a prominent geologist and mining engineer. At the request of the Meiji government in Japan, Lyman helped introduce modern geological surveying and mining techniques during the 1870s and 1880s, and his papers from that period illuminate aspects of late nineteenth century Japan, New England, and Pennsylvania, as well as the fields of geology and mining exploration and engineering. From his earliest financial records kept as a student at Phillips Exeter Academy through the journal notations of his later days in Philadelphia, Lyman’s meticulous record-keeping provides much detail about his life and work. Correspondents include his classmate, Franklin B. Sanborn, a friend of the Concord Transcendentalists and an active social reformer, abolitionist, and editor.

The papers, 1848-1911, have been organized into nine series: correspondence, financial records, writings, survey notebooks, survey maps, photographs, student notes and notebooks, collections, and miscellaneous (total 25 linear feet). A separate Lyman collection includes over 2,000 books in Japanese and Chinese acquired by Lyman, and in Western languages pertaining to Asia.

Biographical Note

Benjamin Smith Lyman was born December 11, 1835, to Hampshire County Register of Probate Samuel Fowler Lyman and his first wife Almira Smith Lyman in Northampton, where he remained until attending Phillips Exeter Academy from August 20, 1851, to July 8, 1852. From Exeter, he went on to Harvard College, graduating in 1855. He then taught school at Deerfield Academy in Deerfield, Massachusetts, at Charles Short’s Classical School for Boys in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and at Franklin B. Sanborn’s school in Concord, Massachusetts, where he came to know, through Sanborn, members of the Emerson and Alcott families and Henry David Thoreau, as well as abolitionists active in the region.

In the same exploratory period he was given his first geological job — chain carrying and rainy day office work for his uncle by marriage, J. Peter Lesley, already a noted geologist, on a topographical and geological survey of Broad Top Mountain in Pennsylvania. According to an 1872 Lyman family genealogy, Lyman’s own Uncle Joseph, Lesley’s brother-in-law, originally intending a career in law, later studied civil engineering, mining, and metallurgy, and was active in the development of anthracite coal and iron resources in Pennsylvania. His activities and connections may have been an influence on Lyman in his ultimate choice of career, as well as in his sympathies for social reform. Although Benjamin had first intended to become a merchant, his interest in geology and mining engineering grew in the next few years, during which he made a survey of iron foundries in some of the eastern, middle, and southern states for the American Iron Association, accompanied Lesley on additional surveys, and became assistant geologist of the Iowa State Geological Survey.

By 1859 he had finally decided to make geology his life’s work and went for a year’s study at the Ecole Imperiale des Mines in Paris (1859-1860), followed by a practical course at the Royal Academy of Mines in Freiberg, Saxony (1861-1862). Upon returning to the United States, Lyman established his residence in Philadelphia and opened an office as a consulting mining engineer. Work on surveys took him to the Pottsville coal region of Pennsylvania; Cow Bay and Glace Bay, Cape Breton, Nova Scotia; Arizona; California; and in 1870, the oil lands of the Punjab, India. On his return from India, he traveled through China and Japan, where he was, as he said, “bitten with Orientalism.”

The opportunity to return to Japan came to Lyman shortly thereafter. In the hope of making a name for himself in geology, he signed a three-year contract with the Meiji government in 1872 to survey Hokkaido for mining possibilities. Lyman carried out his mission in Japan with passion. It was to be the most productive period of his life. His survey identified the most promising coal fields for Hokkaido’s eventually successful mining industry as well as reporting on progress in the reclamation of waste land, the nature of the soil in various districts; the customs, physique, and folklore of the Ainu; useful ores and stones; the development and exploitation of hydraulic power; importation of foreign capital; and the advantage of cooperation with foreign concerns in the mining industry.

Lyman’s Japanese assistants, to whom he taught surveying, mapping, mathematics, mineralogy, and related subjects, accompanied him on the difficult ground-breaking survey. They all became proficient surveyors and some of them distinguished geologists. Their enthusiasm and support was largely responsible for making Lyman’s experience in Japan as rewarding to him as it was, for he did not have good relations with the Kaitakushi (the Bureau of Development for Hokkaido), owing in part to conflict as to who had authority over his assistants and to a discrepancy between his values and those of the Kaitakushi’s administrators. Following completion of the Hokkaido survey and the final report and maps associated with it, Lyman was employed by the Interior Department of Japan and later by the Public Works Department, Bureau of Engineering, to survey oil fields in the rest of the country.

When his contract was up in 1879, Lyman remained in Japan at his own expense to complete the survey maps. Before leaving, he encouraged his assistants to form the Geological Society of Japan and to publish a journal. He gave them his house and grounds for headquarters, which they later sold with his permission when the group disbanded (to be succeeded later by the present society). Lyman maintained contact with his assistants for the rest of his life.

Returning to the United States in January 1881, Lyman took up residence in Northampton, Massachusetts, where he continued work on his reports, publishing them at his own expense. Having saved much of his considerable salary in Japan, Lyman did not need to earn money for the time being. Soon thereafter, he bought the house at 134 Elm Street built in 1880 by W.T. Clement, founder of the Clement Cutlery Company, who died in 1882. Lyman participated in civic affairs as a member of the City Improvement Association and the Community Council. In 1882, Tokumatsu Nakajima, the 10-year old son of his Japanese stableman, came to live with him and be educated in the United States. The boy attended public schools in Northampton and was loved by Lyman’s family and friends, such as Mrs. Brewer and Mrs. Ferry, Lyman’s near neighbors on Elm Street. He moved to Philadelphia with Lyman when the latter accepted the position of Assistant Geologist of Pennsylvania in 1887. Toku graduated from the University of Pennsylvania, returned to Northampton to work at a Banister’s bookstore, and died of tuberculosis in 1901 at age 29.

In the years following his return to Philadelphia, Lyman wrote a great many papers and articles, attended meetings of technical and scientific societies as well as the Oriental Club of Philadelphia, and held a reception each year on the birthday of the Emperor of Japan. After retiring in 1895 from his appointed position, Lyman continued a private practice, finding little remunerative work, however, due to the business depression of the 1890s. In 1906-1907 he surveyed the coal lands near Mt. Lantauan on the island of Cebu in the Philippines, for a New York company building a railroad there. On the way, he visited his former assistants in Japan, who greeted him warmly. He hoped to re-visit them on his return trip, but a long bout with dysentery prevented that.

Lyman was convinced that if he hadn’t become a vegetarian in 1864, he would have died young from food eaten on his travels. At 81, in 1917 he published a scholarly cookbook of vegetarian recipes.

Lyman died August 30, 1920, aged 84, in Cheltenham, Pennsylvania.

Born in the same year as Mark Twain, Lyman outlived him by ten years. His circumstances and career provide a useful perspective upon major developments in New England, United States, and, indeed, world history during a period of immense changes. Lyman was a member of a prominent Hampshire County family with origins in the earliest European settlements of Massachusetts Bay and the Connecticut Valley. His grandfather was Sheriff of “Old Hampshire” County and, after 1811, of the new; his father was County Register of Probate and later Probate Judge. Thus a scion of a local elite, attending Exeter and Harvard, in communication with Transcendentalism and Abolitionism through Franklin B. Sanborn, he was also an early exemplar of the American exodus to Europe for advanced scientific training. And as a participant in the process of resource exploration through the application of geological science, he participated in the development of industrialization both at home and, perhaps most importantly, in Japan. These historical movements are documented in valuable ways by the collection described here.

Scope and Contents of the Collection

The Benjamin Smith Lyman collection at the University of Massachusetts Amherst comprises books, maps, and papers, illuminating aspects of late-nineteenth-century Japan, New England, and Pennsylvania, as well as the field of geology and of mining exploration and engineering as they were practiced 1858-1911.

Printed Works

The Japanese and Chinese language books, now in Special Collections and University Archives at the W.E.B. Du Bois Library, were for the most part purchased by Lyman while he was in Japan; others he collected later and received as gifts. They represent over 300 titles, many of them in scores of volumes each, and reflect Lyman’s catholic interests and scholarly bent.

Essentially, the books fall into three categories: Japanese classics printed in the Edo period, 1600-1868; books on the Japanese language published in the nineteenth century; and books on nearly every aspect of Japanese life in the Meiji era, including medicine, religion, and popular culture. Among these volumes are some which are rare today, even in Japan.

While most of the books were published between 1800 and 1880, there are several early ones: Kitamura Kigin, Kogetsusho (Commentaries on The Lady Murasaki’s Tale of Genji), 1675; Yoshida Kenko, Tsurezuregusa Sho (the fourteenth-century Essays in Idleness, said by Donald Keene “Surely [to] be included in any list of the ten most important works of Japanese literature”), 1691; and Okanishi Ichu, Tsurezuregusa Jikige (Commentaries on Essays in Idleness), 1686, for example. Among the most popular publications are a complete set of the first edition of Takizawa Bakin’s Nanso Satomi Hakkenden (the fictional/mythological story of the Satomi family), 1814-1842, and Suzuki Bokushi, Hokuetsu Seppu (Snow in Echigo — a literary miscellany), 1836-1843.

An additional strength of the collection is in natural science. Titles from the Edo period include: Ito Ihe’s Jikinsho (a dictionary of flowering plants), 1707-1733; Shimazu Shigehide’s Seikei Zusetsu (an encyclopedia of agriculture), 1804; and Okura Nagatsune’s Nokaeki (a handbook on haze [wax trees]), 1802-1854.

The collection includes some books on Asia in Western languages as well. Among the rarer items is the London 1728 edition of the History of Japan by Engelbert Kaempfer (1651-1716), indefatigable traveler in the Middle East and Central, Southeast, and East Asia, and among the earliest Westerners to become truly expert on Japan. The History in English, first published in the previous year by Sir Hans Sloane, was the earliest publication of Kaempfer’s manuscripts on Japan. Only in 1777-1779 was another of his manuscripts, left in his home in Lemgo, published in the original language. This work, Geschichte und Beschreibung von Japan, in two volumes, is also included in the Lyman Collection, as are the nine volume Histoire et description generale du Japon (1736) of Pierre de Charlevoix (1682-1761); the Yu yen tzu erh chi: A Progressive Course Designed to Assist the Student of Colloquial Chinese as Spoken in the Capital and the Metropolitan Department (1st ed., 1867) by T.F. Wade; and A Dictionary of Colloquial Idioms in the Mandarin Dialect (1873) by Herbert A. Giles.

Maps

The 121 published Japanese maps 1834-1896, housed with the books, are fine and unusual examples of cartography. Some depict the local, provincial, or national topography of Japan; others are devoted to geology The most important of these are printed in color from wood blocks (relief printing). There are, in addition, a few maps of Korea and China as well as some Western ones, including the intaglio printed Topographische Karte der Schweiz by C.H. Dufour, 1855, and maps accompanying the Third Annual Report of the State Board of Health, Lunacy, and Charity of Massachusetts, 1882.

Manuscripts

From Lyman’s earliest financial records,kept as a student at Phillips Exeter, through the journal notations of his later days in Philadelphia, Lyman’s meticulous record keeping provides much detail about his life and work. In letters to family, friends, and business associates, Lyman described his social and professional activities, particularly in letters to Franklin B. Sanborn, his classmate, a friend of the Concord Transcendentalists, and an active abolitionist. Lyman also made observations about his surroundings in the course of worldwide travel, as well as over extended periods of residence in Philadelphia, Northampton, and especially Japan, which is also well documented in the photographs he took and acquired. The field notes and journals from which Lyman prepared reports for his geological surveys are included, as well as maps he prepared, most notably some of Hokkaido.

The papers, 1848-1911, have been organized into nine series, including Correspondence, Financial Records, Writings, Survey Notebooks, Survey Maps, Photographs, Student Notes and Notebooks, Collections, and Miscellaneous.

This collection is organized into nine series:

Series 1. Correspondence, 1856-1915
Series 2. Financial Records, 1851-1911
Series 3. Writings, 1868-1888
Series 4. Survey Notebooks, 1862-1907
Series 5. Survey Maps, 1831-1916
Series 6. Photographs, 1879-1911
Series 7. Student Notes and Notebooks, 1847-1907
Series 8. Collections, 1860-1910
Series 9. Miscellaneous

Information on Use

Terms of Access and Use

Restrictions on access:

The collection is open for research.

Preferred Citation

Cite as: Benjamin Smith Lyman Papers (MS 190). Special Collections and University Archives, University W.E.B. Du Bois Library, University of Massachusetts Amherst.

History of the Collection

Acquired from the Forbes Library.

Custodial history:

The Lyman Papers were originally part of a collection donated to the Forbes Library in Northampton by Benjamin’s cousin Frank Lyman in 1921. Weighing 8 tons, the collection included 4,105 books, over 1,800 in Japanese. It is chiefly these Japanese books, with the addition of others in Chinese and in Western languages pertaining to Asia, that were transferred to UMass Amherst along with the late Edo- and Meiji-era Japanese maps acquired by Lyman and a substantial collection of his papers.

Processing Information

Processed by Linda Seidman.

Additional Information

Sponsor

Encoding funded by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation.

Language

English,
French,
German, and
Japanese

Separated Material

The non-Japanese/Chinese volumes of Lyman’s library, representing various languages and many fields of inquiry, remain at the Forbes Library.

Series Descriptions


Series 1. Correspondence	1856-1915
Lyman’s letters, both business and personal, are found in the collection in three forms: in drafts; in originals of letters he wrote, mainly to his Lesley aunt and uncle, who bound them; and, mostly, in 30 volumes of letterpress copybooks (about one third of which are badly faded). Lyman wrote chiefly to family members, business associates, and his friend Franklin B. Sanborn of Concord. Sanborn and he, who were classmates at Phillips Exeter and Harvard, reported in detail to each other about their social, professional, and civic lives. Sanborn’s letters to Lyman, housed in The Historical Society of Pennsylvania, have been published as Young Reporter of Concord, edited by Kenneth Walter Cameron, Hartford: Transcendental Books, 1978. Lyman’s letters are filled with his meticulous observations. This was not only characteristic of nineteenth century Westerners with Lyman’s education and social status, but it was also particularly congruent with his personality. Especially when Lyman was traveling, he conveyed with a great deal of freshness his experiences in varied locales around the world. We learn, for example, what it was like to travel beside the driver of a stagecoach through the Nevada Territory, to live in a remote village in Cape Breton, to socialize as a bachelor in Philadelphia during the Civil War, to carouse in taverns as a student in Germany, to establish living arrangements upon first arriving in Japan, or to observe the Empress on a visit to a school in Yedo. Occasionally he comments upon historic moments: the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, the abolitionist activities of John Brown and Wendell Phillips, the publications of the Transcendentalists and their friends. Spanning the period of Lyman’s active professional career, his letters reveal a great deal about the formal and practical education and practices of a geologist in the late nineteenth century, beginning with his early forays into the field as an assistant to J. Peter Lesley; his growing commitment to geology and mining engineering as a career; his education in Paris and Freiberg, his work on various surveys in the United States, Canada, India, and their related travels; his seven years in Japan as Chief Geologist and Mining Engineer for various agencies of the Meiji Government, and his continuing work as a geologist, especially in Pennsylvania after his return from Japan. Some of the reports he wrote for those on whose behalf he was making the surveys are included in the correspondence copybooks, along with the consultation letters. A small portion of the correspondence series consists of letters from Lyman and Northampton friends to Toku Nakajima, who lived with Lyman in Northampton and Philadelphia from the age of 10, following Lyman’s return from Japan.


Series 2. Financial Records	1851-1911
Lyman kept financial records as early as his school days at Phillips Exeter Academy, where he documented his daily and educational expenses. The collection includes his accounts for 1851-61, 1872 (including an inventory of his goods and chattels), 1873-1880 (the years in Japan), 1885-1887, and 1911. Some of the account books from the period when Lyman was in Japan were kept by Kotaro, his cook. There are two categories comparable to journals and ledgers: the Nikki, or daily records, and the Sencho, records by category, such as foodstuffs, education, laundry, domestic wages, accommodation and travel expenses, fuel, postage, and repairs. In a ledger for 1874, Lyman listed the stock on hand for the Geological Survey of Hokkaido. In addition to keeping journals and ledgers, Lyman retained receipts and statements, not only because it was customary, but also because he was often accountable to supporters and had to secure reimbursements for living and travel expenses incurred on surveys. It was also consistent with the thoroughness for which he was known. The receipts, which he bound, are from France, Germany, Switzerland, the Punjab, various U.S. Iocations, and Japan. They are for such items as books, clothing, instruments, freight costs, subscriptions, furniture, and hotel rooms.


Series 3. Writings	1868-1888
Scope and content: Only a few of the 150 books and papers Lyman wrote are represented in the collection. (Many of Lyman’s articles appeared in the Transactions of the American Institute of Mining Engineers and in the Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society and of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.) Of most significance are the printed Japanese language versions of some of his survey reports on Hokkaido and the manuscript versions, in varied hands in two letterpress copy books, of some of the survey reports on Japan, 1877-79. Additional manuscript material includes a draft of Lyman’s article on Japanese grammar; translations of Chinese proverbs; and a brief article, “The Petroleum Industries of Japan” (authorship uncertain). Also included is a printed version of “Bending Marble,” 1868, from the American Journal of Mining. Related material: Vegetarian recipes, some of which may have been included in Lyman’s scholarly cookbook, Vegetarian Diet and Dishes, 1917, can be found in Series 9, Miscellaneous.


Series 4. Survey Notebooks	1862-1907
Lyman’s survey notebooks are of two kinds: those comprising field notes made on-site, and those reporting his activities related to the surveys. Sometimes the latter become diary-like and, in fact, report on more than what is strictly associated with the surveys, making the notebooks a particularly informative segment of the collection for details about Lyman’s life and business. The field notes employ a sketching system devised by Lyman and J. Peter Lesley for conveying the location of minerals by lines charting land surface characteristics and subsurface strata. While this system was not widely adopted in the West because it was time-consuming to use, Lyman taught it to his Japanese assistants, who spread its use widely in Japan. The notebooks document surveys beginning soon after Lyman’s return from his training in France and Germany; thus they trace his professional career from its formal inception through his most active surveying years. There are 120 notebooks for Lyman’s surveys in Cape Breton, Pennsylvania, Illinois, Alabama, the Punjab, Maryland, and elsewhere, as well as a run of 125 rice-paper volumes for Lyman’s years in Japan.


Series 5. Survey Maps	1831-1916
Scope and content: The survey maps are those produced in connection with surveys in which Lyman participated. They include important ones for Hokkaido and the rest of Japan, as well as the Punjab, Cape Breton, and various U.S. locations, especially Pennsylvania. Note: Additional survey maps not listed here can be found in map case in 2602; see also Special Collections Dept. for published maps Lyman collected.


Series 6. Photographs	1879-1911
Scope and content: Lyman’s photos of Japan, particularly the evocative studies of people, open a window on Japan in the 1870s, letting us see in with startling clarity. Many of the 200 photographs in the collection were almost certainly taken by Lyman: he speaks in letters of 1865 to his friend F.B. Sanborn and his mother about learning to take photos, to develop and print them; many photos in the collection were found in a photographer’s blotter book when they were received at the University of Massachusetts; an envelope from a photo supplier addressed to Lyman is among the papers; and some of the photos of Japan parallel the sorts of observations made in Lyman’s correspondence. Photos probably taken by Lyman include pictures of his garden at Yedo; portraits of individual Japanese women; studies of groups of Japanese people, often by occupation; snapshots of hot springs, mining sites, and other landscapes; and some of the Ainu pictures. Some engaging photos of Lyman and his assistants and associates were taken by others. Additional photos of Japan in the collection were probably commercially prepared for travelers, particularly the Yedo series. Lyman’s hand can be seen again in documentary photos of Philadelphia locations. A few snapshots of Massachusetts (Falmouth and Northampton) are included, along with some photos of Manila in the Philippines and one each from India, Freiberg, and the Paris Exposition Universelle of 1878. Note: See attached list for identifications


Series 7. Student Notes and Notebooks	1847-1907
Lyman’s student notes and note books (1843-1863, 1870s), include a journal for January to June, 1851, and a number of early themes, 1848-55, depicting, among other things, real and imaginary trips made by Lyman, which foreshadow his later life and concrete and particular writing style while they detail aspects of his youth. There are, as well, many notebooks from Lyman’s student days in Paris and Freiberg, making clear the nature of some of his training there. Finally, materials pertaining to Lyman’s studies of the Japanese, Spanish, French, and German languages are included. They hint at the breadth of his learning and interests. Lyman’s library included books in these languages as well as in Chinese, Persian, Sanskrit, Bengali, Hindustani, and Shan–all of which he had studied.


Series 8. Collections	1860-1910
In the course of his work and travel, Lyman accumulated collections, most significantly his books, discussed above. A related collection is the 250 wrappers Lyman saved from Japanese books and maps, one quarter of which are in the Lyman collection at the University of Massachusetts. Many of the wrappers, comparable to dust jackets, are extremely colorful and decorative. The oldest is for Taketori Monogataritshe, 1784. In addition, he saved manufacturers’ and dealers’ catalogs of the 1880s and 1890s for the tools of the trades of geology and mining engineering. They include everything from tracing paper and tape measures to explosives, drills, and locomotives for mines. Together, they portray a slice of time in the history of technology. Additional collections include Lyman’s visitors’ and associates’ calling cards, which he mounted in a scrapbook, along with various small notices and broadsides; Japanese souvenir viewbooks; newspaper clippings 1860-65, (1887-95), pertaining mostly to Japan, China, Europe, the Johnstown flood, and U.S. learned societies; pencil drawings by Lyman’s brother, J.F. Lyman, of European locations; graphic materials of a popular nature collected mostly in Japan; and some postcards.


Series 9. Miscellaneous
Of most significance among the miscellaneous materials are the contracts Lyman signed in 1869 and 1872 for his work as geologist and mining engineer in the Punjab region of India and in Hokkaido, Japan. Additional materials could be considered a scientist’s mementos of Japan: an atlas of taxes, population, and cultivated land; a compilation of meteorological averages for 1873-75; or government regulations on weights and measures. There are, as well, ordinary tourist items, such as a boat schedule, brochures from shrines and hot springs, and an auction catalog. A small batch of Toku Nakajima’s belongings are also found in this series: Greek and French lesson notebooks, a list of Christmas gifts for 1892, and a notebook of handwriting exercises.

Contents List


Series 1. Correspondence	1856-1915
Letter drafts	1860-63	Box 1
Letterpress copybooks, 4 vol.	1864-1867	Box 2
Letterpress copybooks, 3 vol.	1867-1869	Box 3
Letterpress copybooks, 5 vol.	1869-1873	Box 4
Letterpress copybooks, 5 vol.	1873-1875	Box 5
Letterpress copybooks, 4 vol., 1 f. loose pp.	1875-1876	Box 6
Letterpress copybooks, 1 vol., 1 f. loose pp.	1876-1878	Box 7
Letterpress copybooks, 4 vol., (1 unbound)	1877-1880	Box 8
Letterpress copybooks, 4 vol.	1881-1886	Box 9
Letterpress copybooks, 2 vol.	1886-1888	Box 10
Letterpress copybooks and letter drafts, 2 vol., 2 f.	1889-1891; 1898-1899	Box 11
Letter drafts	1899-1900	Box 12
Letter drafts	1901	Box 13
Letter drafts	1901-1909	Box 13A
Scrapbooks (2) of BSL letters to J. Peter Lesley and family	1856-1867; 1867-1884	Box 14
Additional loose BSL/Lesley correspondence	1860-1892	Box 14
Incoming letters:		Box 15
James Lyman	1867, 1869, 1894	Box 15
Felix Foucon	1869	Box 15
J.Y. Mori (2)	1877	Box 15
Noguchi(20)	1876, 1880	Box 15
S. Nishiyama (5)	1881-1884	Box 15
E.R. Hoar	1884	Box 15
W.T. Harris (3)	1885	Box 15
I. Nitobe	1890	Box 15
S. Nishiyama	1892	Box 15
H.V. Hilprecht	1892, 1898	Box 15
W. London (3)	1893-1894	Box 15
Japanese colony	1894	Box 15
N. Morimoto	1896	Box 15
Truslove & Comba, Publishers	1896	Box 15
Hong Chong	1898	Box 15
Ng Hung Tho	1898	Box 15
Kushibiki & Arai	1898	Box 15
Brewster Frost Ames re: Manila	1902	Box 15
Mayer Sulzberger	1908	Box 15
American Academy of Political and Social Science	1909	Box 15
Mary Alice Schively	1909	Box 15
F.B. Sanborn	1909	Box 15
Edith B. Cameron	1910-1914	Box 15
Wagner Free Institute	1910	Box 15
Colonial Dames	1910	Box 15
Mr. and Mrs. Charles W. Ames	1910	Box 15
Daisy Gaujot	1910	Box 15
American Mining and Metal Extraction Co.	1910	Box 15
I. Wodo	1910	Box 15
City Club of Philadelphia	1910	Box 15
American Philosophical Society	1910	Box 15
Anna Bewley (3)	1910-1911	Box 15
Laura Bliss (2)	1910-1911	Box 15
Dr. Bascom (6)	1910-1911	Box 15
F.B. Vandegrift and Co. (2)	1911	Box 15
Hannah Brewer (3)	1911	Box 15
Bryn Mawr Hotel	1911	Box 15
Battle Creek Sanitarium	1911	Box 15
Elizabeth James	1912	Box 15
Bryn Mawr Horse Show Association	1915	Box 15
Postcard and Christmas card	n.d.	Box 15
Albert J. Edmunds re: dispersal of BSL letters	1921	Box 15
Tokumatsu Nakajima correspondence	1889-1894	Box 15


Series 2. Financial Records	1851-1911
Scrapbooks (3) of receipts and statements	1853-1872	Box 16
Loose receipts and statements	1863-1880	Box 17
U.S.Internal Revenue Tax Return	1866	Box 17
Scrapbooks (2) of receipts and statements while in Japan	1872-1876; 1876-1877	Box 18
Account books (3) of educational expenses	1851-1855	Box 19
Account book	1855-1861	Box 19
Journal and ledger	1872	Box 19
Journal and ledger	1874	Box 19
Journal and ledger	1885-1887	Box 19
Ledger	1911	Box 19
Daybooks (Nikki) while in Japan (7 volumes)	1876-1879	Box 20
Daybooks (Nikki) while in Japan (6 volumes)	1878-1880	Box 21
Ledgers (Sencho–by subject) (7 volumes)	1874-1876	Box 22
Ledgers (Sencho–by subject) (6 volumes)	1877-1878	Box 23
Ledgers (Sencho–by subject) (3 volumes)	1879	Box 24
Nikki and Sencho for government funds (3 volumes)	July-Dec. 1877	Box 24
Traveling expenses (2 volumes, Japanese style)	1877	Box 25
Household accounts (6 volumes, Japanese style)	1874-1878	Box 25
Accounts of dates when flowers or bonsai were sent	n.d.	Box 25


Series 3. Writings	1868-1888
Subseries 1: Writings By BSL
Bending Marble in American Journal of Mining	Feb. 8, 1868	Box 26
Geoloqical Survey of Hokkaido (Japanese language versions, 3 volumes)	1873	Box 26
Report on survey of coal fields in Horonai, Hokkaido (Japanese language version)	1876	Box 26
Summary, Geological Survey of Hokkaido (Japanese language version)	1876	Box 26
Report on Geological Survey of Hokkaido (Japanese language version)	1877	Box 26
Reports, Geological Survey of Japan (mss and typescripts)	1877-1879	Box 26
Report, Geological Survey of Japan (ms)	1879	Box 26
Drafts of Japanese grammar article	1877-1878	Box 26
Translation into Japanese of European story “Sleeping Maid in Woods”	n.d.	Box 26
Translation of Chinese proverbs	n.d.	Box 26
Translation of article in Tokyo Illustrated Daily News	1882	Box 26
The Petroleum Industries of Japan (author?)	c. 1896	Box 26
Subseries 2: Writings By Others
Bibliographic notecards to 1918		Box 27
Hochiku Sekitan san Hokokusho, Preliminary report on coal fields in Chikuzen, Buzen, Japan, by F.A. Bottle (in Japanese language)	1878	Box 27
The Economics of Child Welfare by Royal Meeker, reprinted U.S. Dept. of Labor, Bureau of Labor Statistics, address delivered at the U.S. Children’s Bureau Conference on Child Welfare, Washington DC	May 6, 1919	Box 27
Italian Petroleum Matters, Province of Reggio, by E.S. Fairman (ms)	1867	Box 27
The Evolution of Mine-surveying, by Dunbar D. Scott (ms), also, Remarks on Mine-surveying Instruments with special reference to Mr. Dunbar D. Scott’s paper on their evolution and its discussion, by H.D. Hoskold	1900	Box 27
On Unrest, author unknown	n.d.	Box 27


Series 4. Survey Notebooks	1862-1907
Non-Japan
Llewellyn (3 volumes)	1862	Box 28
Little Glace Bay, Nova Scotia, Books I-X	1862-1863	Box 28
Survey E–Cape Breton (4 volumes)	1863	Box 28
Survey F–Cow Bay, Books I-VI	1864	Box 28
Survey G–Plymouth, PA, Books I-VI	1865	Box 28
Survey H–Chapmansville, PA	1866-1867	Box 28
Survey I (1)–near Marion, VA	1866	Box 28
Survey I (2)–Smythe Co., VA	1866	Box 28
Survey J–Wythe Co., VA	1866	Box 28
Survey K–Montgomery County, VA	1866	Box 28
Survey L–Clinton County, PA	1866	Box 28
Survey M–Clearfield County, PA	1867	Box 28
Survey N–Long Pond, Sullivan County, PA	1867	Box 28
Survey O–Henry County, Illinois	1868	Box 28
Survey P–Rising Sun Fire Box Trials	1868	Box 28
Survey Q–Ringold Iron Works	1869	Box 28
Survey R–Little Sandy and Sandy Lick, Jefferson County, PA	1869	Box 28
Survey S–Coosa County, Ala.	1869	Box 29
Berks County, PA		Box 29
Survey T–Potomac Furnace Lands near Pt. of Rocks, MD	1869	Box 29
Survey U–Seven Islands Bay on St. Lawrence River	1869	Box 29
Survey V–PA: Books 1-3, also contains extract from report by W. Theobald of Geological Survey, Pegu, British Burma,1866	1869-1870	Box 29
Punjab (2 volumes)	1870	Box 29
Survey X–West Virginia: Books I-III	1872	Box 29
Note: See Boxes 31 to 34 for survey notebooks while in Japan, 1873-1881
Series L–Books 184 (?) and 185	1886	Box 29
Survey W–Colorado (etc.?) Books 1-7	1886-1892	Box 29
Series L–Books 222-249	1889	Box 30
Series L–Books 250-257	1890	Box 30
Series L–Books 258-260	1891	Box 30
Series L–Books 261-264, F7	1892	Box 30
Series L–Books 265-268	1893	Box 30
Series L–Books 269-271	1894	Box 30
Series L–Books 272-273	1895	Box 30
Series L–Books 274-275	1906	Box 30
Series L–Book 276	1907	Box 30
Series L–Book “277 is an S & W tract volume”		Box 30
Series L–Book 278	1908	Box 30
Smith College Survey	n.d.	Box 30
Japan
Survey Y–Books 1-3	1871 (1873)	Box 31
Series L–Books 3-9	1873	Box 31
Series L–Books 10-17	1874	Box 31
Series L–Books 18-21	1875	Box 31
Series L–Books 22-36	1876	Box 31
Series L–Books 37-45	1876	Box 32
Series L–Books (45) 46-71	1877	Box 32
Series L–Books 72-88	Sep.-Nov. 1877	Box 33
Series L–Books 129-143	Nov.-Dec. 1878	Box 33
Series L–Books 144-146	Jan. 1879	Box 33
Series L–Books 147-156	1879	Box 34
Series L–Books 157-165	1880	Box 34
Series L–Books 166-167	1881	Box 34


Series 5. Survey Maps	1831-1916
Japan–Hokkaido (to be listed by title following preservation)		Box 35
Japan–non-Hokkaido		Box 36
United States
Illinois: Geological and Topographical Sketch Map of the Barnard Tract, Henry County, by BSL	1868	Box 37
Indiana: Plan of the Survey and Details of a Canal on the Indiana Side of the Falls of the Ohio	1852	Box 37
Kentucky: Preliminary Map of Kentucky Geological Survey	1887	Box 37
Kentucky: Preliminary Map of South East Kentucky	1886	Box 37
Massachusetts: Maps Accompanying the Third Annual Report of the State Board of Health, Lunacy, and Charity (re: sewage disposal for Worcester)	1882	Box 37
New Mexico: Hoyt’s Map of New Mexico		Box 37
New York: Agricultural and Geoloqical Map of the State	1844	Box 37
Ohio: Hinckley Coal Tracts in Brookfield Township, Trumbull County, by BSL (10 copies, 1 with notations)	1883	Box 37
Ohio: Hinckley Coal Lands near Warsaw, Coshocton County, by BSL (10 copies)	1883	Box 37
Ohio: Hinckley Mineral Lands on Lots 41 and 42, Brookfield Township, Trumbull County, by BSL	1884	Box 37
Ohio: Hinckley map sets (6 packages)	1877	Box 37
Pennsylvania: Plan and Profile of the Danville and Pottsville Railroad	1831	Box 37
Pennsylvania: Profile of the Mill Creek Railroad Extension to New Boston	1847	Box 37
Pennsylvania: Second Geological Survey of Pennsylvania: Map of Part of the Mahonoy and Shenandoah Basins in the Second Anthracite Coal Fields	1881	Box 37
Pennsylvania: A Geological and Topographical Sketch Map of the New York and Westmoreland Gas Coal Company’s Lands at Manor Sta, Westmoreland County, by BSL (5 copies)	1883	Box 37
Pennsylvania: Geology and Topography of Bucks and Montgomery Counties, East Sheet 10; West Sheet 11 (19 copies); East Sheet 12 (15 copies); West Sheet 13 (19 copies)	1893	Box 37
Pennsylvania: Oil and Gas Pools of Southwestern Pennsylvania	1916 (?)	Box 37
Pennsylvania: New Boston and Morea Coal Lands (too fragile to open until preservation treatment complete)	n.d.	Box 37
Canada: Cape Breton, Nova Scotia	1879	Box 37
Canada: Geological Man of Canada West	1882	Box 37
Canada Geological and Natural History Survey of Canada, Plan of the Asbestus Areas in Townships of Thetford, Coleraine, Wolfestown, and Ireland	1890	Box 37
Canada: Relief Map of Dominion of Canada	1904	Box 37
Europe: Letts General Map of the Seat of War in Central Europe as Declared July, 1870		Box 37
India: Punjab Oil Region (ms)	1866	Box 37
India: A Geological and Topgraphical Sketch Map of the Punjab Oil Region, by BSL (3 copies)	1871	Box 37
Panama Canal: Board of Consulting Engineers, Lock Canal Project. Profile of Proposed Lock Canal with Summit Elevation at 85 feet. Plates VIII, IX, and X.	1905	Box 37
Polar Regions: Baffin Bay to Lincoln Sea showing the recent discoveries and routes of exploration of Peary… (to accompany Bulletin, Vol. IV, no. 1, Geographical Society of Philadelphia	1903	Box 37


Series 6. Photographs	1879-1911
Numbers 1-92		Box 38
Numbers 93-210		Box 39
Oversized photos		Box 40
Negatives and contact prints		Box 40A


Series 7. Student Notes and Notebooks	1847-1907
Compositions at Boys High School	1848-1851	Box 41
Sunday School exercises	1849-1850	Box 41
Exercises written under Mr. Ellis’ instruction	1850-1851	Box 41
Journal–January through June	1851	Box 41
The Broken Mug, translated from German by BSL	1851	Box 41
Themes at Exeter	1851-1852	Box 41
Math exercises at college	1853-1855	Box 41
Themes at college	1852-1855	Box 41
Index Rerum, James Lyman and BSL at Harvard	1847+	Box 41
Forensics at college	1853-1855	Box 41
Notes on course on Docimasie, etc. (which BSL copied?)	1857	Box 41
Notes on course in paleontology, M. Boyle, Paris	1859	Box 42
Notes on exploitation, M. Callen, Paris	1859	Box 42
Paleontology notebook	1860	Box 42
French language notes and exercises	1860	Box 42
Notes on exploitation and machines, metallurgy course Paris	1860-1861	Box 42
Student notebooks of language study dictations, etc.	1860-1861	Box 42
Student notebook, Paris	1861	Box 43
Student notebook, Freiberg (5 volumes)	1861-1862	Box 43
Student notebook, Freiberg	1861-1862	Box 44
Student notes	1862	Box 44
Japanese transliteration		Box 44
Japanese counting translated into English		Box 44
Japanese calligraphy books (3)		Box 44
Notebook used in learning Japanese language		Box 44
Spanish exercises	1907	Box 44


Series 8. Collections	1860-1910
Calling cards in scrapbook	1860-1895	Box 45
Japanese book wrappers		Box 46
Tool and machinery catalogs	1880s-1890s	Box 47
Newspaper clippings (7 volumes of scrapbooks)	c1887-1894	Box 48
Drawings by J.F. Lyman and others; graphic materials	n.d.	Box 49
Japanese souvenir viewbooks; postcards and other cards	n.d.	Box 50


Series 9. Miscellaneous
Harvard memorabilia, class of 1855		Box 51
Contracts, BSL and governments of India and Japan	1869, 1872	Box 51
Japanese chronology 0-1822, written in Japanese way of writing Chinese (Kambun)		Box 51
Atlas of taxes, population, and cultivated land in Japan		Box 51
Meteorological averages for 1873-1875 in Japan		Box 51
Auction catalog, household furniture, Tokyo	1878	Box 51
Boat schedule, Japan	n.d.	Box 51
List of treasures kept in Tsurugaoka Hachimangu shrine (in Japanese)		Box 51
Information about largest sitting Buddha in Kamakura		Box 51
Brochure from hot springs at Dogo		Box 51
Prospectus for magazine Rokugo Zasshi	1880	Box 51
Supplement of New York Japanese News, no. 91		Box 51
Unidentified item		Box 51
Legends of En-shu Sayo no Nakayama		Box 51
Fragments from magazine and illustrated book		Box 51
Government regulations on weights and measures (Japan)		Box 51
Newsclippings about mining and surveys		Box 51
Ingalls Iron and Coal Co., prospectus and financial circular	1910	Box 51
Tokumatsu Nakajima’s workbooks, Greek and French (?)		Box 51
Tokumatsu Nakajima’s list: My Christmas presents for	1892	Box 51
Title page of thesis: Philadelphia before and after consolidation of 1854, ?Nakajima	1895	Box 51
Notebook of handwriting exercises (?Nakajima)		Box 51
Photographer’s blotter book		Box 51
Japanese paper tape measures		Box 51
Lid of box which housed pictures		Box 51
Essence of sutra (written in Sandskrit)		Box 51
Leaf prints		Box 51
Vegetarian recipes		Box 51
Canadian Geological and Natural History Survey, request for acknowledgement of receipt of mineral products of the US for calendar years 1890-1907		Box 51

Mass Voters for Fair Elections

dkovacs — Tue, 08 May 2007 15:00:16 +0000

Since 1994 the Mass Voters for Fair Elections has been part of a national movement to minimize the role of money in elections. Watching both the cost of running a successful campaign and the role of fundraising increase, the organization led the fight to put the Clean Elections Initiative on the ballot in 1998. With overwhelming support for the initiative, the ballot question won only to be repealed by the Legislature in 2003. Until it ceased activity in 2007, Mass Voters for Fair Elections continued to work for reform in the electoral process not only to encourage more individuals to run for office, but also to affirm the principle “one person, one vote.”

The collection consists chiefly of subject files that document issues relating to elections and campaign reform addressed by the group and its volunteers. Also included: correspondence, meeting notes, publications, and mailings.